Physical Science Nov. 25.

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Presentation transcript:

Physical Science Nov. 25

Representative Groups Valence Electrons – an electron in the highest occupied energy level.

The Alkali Metals Elements of Group 1A They are extremely reactive. The reactivity increases from top to bottom of Group 1A.

The Alkaline Earth Metals They are harder than Alkali Metals. Differences in reactivity are shown by how they react with water. Magnesium: used by plants in photosynthesis. Also used in metal framework. Calcium: nature uses calcium to harden things.

Boron Family Aluminum: the most abundant element in the earth’s crust, but usually bound to oxygen. It is important to recycle aluminum because of supply, but also because it is much easier to extract Al from man-made things than to separate it from oxygen.

Contains a nonmetal, 2 metalloids, and 2 metals. Carbon Family Contains a nonmetal, 2 metalloids, and 2 metals. Except for water, most of the compounds in your body contain carbon. After Aluminum, silicon is the most abundant element in Earth’s crust.

Nitrogen Family Contain 2 nonmetals, 2 metalloids, and one metal. Nitrogen – used in fertilizer Phosphorus – different colors have different reactivity but all are flammable. Used in matches.

Oxygen Family Oxygen – the most abundant element in Earth’s crust. Sulfur – found in nature in elemental form. Main use is in fertilizer.

The Halogens Contains solid, liquid, and gas. Fluorine – used to prevent tooth decay and in non-stick coating Chlorine – used as an antibacterial Iodine – your body needs it to keep the thyroid gland working.

Noble Gases Colorless, odorless, extremely unreactive.

Homework: p. 145 1-12 ** Ch. 5 packet due tomorrow, and Chapter quiz tomorrow**