Events leading to the civil war SS8H5: Analyze the impact of the civil war on georgia

Label your map, indicate the states and separate the union & confederacy

Slavery in the us

slavery Slavery began in the United States in Virginia in 1619 Due to the rules of the Trustees, slavery was not originally allowed in the Georgia colony until 1752 Abolitionists (anti-slavery) in the North were becoming more outspoken against slavery Frederick Douglass, Harriet Beecher Stowe

Slavery As more states are added to the country, disagreements arise on whether to make them free or slave states. Northerners wanted to contain slavery where it existed, Southerners wanted to expand it into new territories

States’ rights States’ rights regard the belief that all powers not given to the US Government should be left to the states. Early in the United States’ history, the Articles of Confederation gave the individual states too much power and the nation could not even tax the states for revenue. Once the Constitution was ratified, there were several instances before the Civil War that caused the country to almost break apart due to the issue of states’ rights. While the argument for states’ rights during the Civil War was often based on a state’s right to have slavery, there were other times in the nation’s history that issues tied to states’ rights became major concerns.

Nullification To NULLIFY something means to make it void, or to not be enforced/enforceable Southerners believed that if something was not specifically approved in the Constitution, then it could be nullified Northerners in Congress (which had a majority), passed tariffs on British Imports to try and force Southerners to purchase Northern goods. In response to this tariff, England placed a high tariff on Southern cotton imports as retaliation The South was opposed to this tariff because it took away profits from cotton farmers When the Northern states voted to renew the tariff, South Carolina threatened to nullify the tariff and even possibly secede (leave the Union). ** Nullification Crisis** However, Andrew Jackson’s threat to attack South Carolina if they attempted to leave the union worked well enough to keep the state in the fold for the time being.

Missouri compromise In 1819, Missouri petitioned to become a state (slave). This would mean that there would be more slave states than free states. To compromise, Maine was admitted as a free state. Also, it was decided that going forward, no state above the 36’ 30 line of latitude could be a slave state.

Compromise of 1850 & the Ga platform Between 1846-1848, the US and Mexico fought each other. As a result, Mexico had to give up lands north of the Rio Grande River to the United States The debate between creating FREE or SLAVE states threatens to tear the country apart… again..

Compromise of 1850 & the Ga platform Outcomes of the Compromise of 1850 California would enter the Union as a FREE STATE Utah & New Mexico would allow voters to decide if FREE or SLAVE state (popular sovereignty) Slave trade would end in Washington, D.C. Fugitive Slave Act passed Any runaway slave who was caught would have to be returned to their owner

Compromise of 1850 & the Ga platform The Georgia Platform was a response to the compromise of 1850 Led by Alexander Stephens, Robert Toombs, and the promise of the passage of the Fugitive Slave Act, it urged Georgians to accept the Compromise of 1850 Many Southerners objected to this because: 1) It gave FREE states more representatives in Congress 2) Southerners did not believe that people would honor the Fugitive Slave Act 3) Southerners felt that Northerners in Congress were attacking their economic freedom This document outlined southern rights as well as the South’s devotion to the Union.

Dred Scott case The Dred Scott Case (1857) ended in a Supreme Court ruling that greatly favored the southern view of slavery and led to a greater ideological divide between the North and South. Dred Scott was a slave who was taken by his master to the free states of Illinois and Wisconsin. Upon his return to Missouri, Scott sued the state based on the belief that his time spent in the free states made him a free man. The Supreme Court declared that slaves and freed blacks were not citizens of the United States and did not have the right to sue in the first place. Also stated that Congress could not end slavery in the states (states’ rights)

Presidential election of 1860 There were 4 candidates in this election Abraham Lincoln became the first candidate of the newly-formed REPUBLICAN PARTY

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q6XJ5_hO1RE

Debate over secession After Lincoln’s election in November of 1860, many southern states held Secession Conventions To secede means to break away, in this case, the South wanted to break from the Union (USA) South Carolina was the first to secede in December of 1860 In 1861, there was a spirited debate over secession in the Georgia General Assembly to determine if Georgia should join its southern brethren in breaking away from the Union. Though there were strong supporters for both sides of the issue, Georgia eventually seceded from the Union. Georgia was part of the Confederacy from 1861-1865. During the debate, Alexander Stephens gave an eloquent speech against secession. However, in the end, the General Assembly voted 208 to 89 in favor of seceding from the union.

Confederate states of America South Carolina and 10 other states seceded from the Union and formed a new confederate form of government. Called the Confederate States of America, it was lead by President Jefferson Davis and Vice President Alexander Stephens (GA). General Robert E. Lee was given command of the CSA Army

Yankees vs rebs

First shot of the civil war Fort Sumter, S.C. - April 12, 1861 Confederate Soldiers fire on the US Fort in the harbor of Charleston, S.C. & defeat the Union Army The Confederate Army will win many of the earlier battles, causing some Northerners to question the fight…