The Industrial Revolution Ch. 12 Section 1

The Industrial Revolution Time period when many new advancements led to the creation of modern engines and the factory system. What caused this? 1. Improved methods of farming 2. The population explosion 3. Energy invention – using water for power, steam engine, etc.

It all starts in England! Dramatic increase in food supply More people could be fed at lower prices w/ less labor Growth in population People were eating better – living longer healthier lives More people to work in the factories Ready supply of money to support growth Many natural resources Rivers for water power and transportation of goods Lots of coal and iron ore for manufacturing Many markets to sell goods

What were the 1st Factories? Textile mills for spinning cloth Located near a water source for power

Improved Transportation Turnpikes – private roads that charged a fee to use them Canals – to link waterways Steam locomotive – faster land transportation Steam Boat – faster water transportation

The New Factories The factory system created a new labor system Factory owners wanted to use their machines constantly to improve production Workers were forced to work in shifts Strict regulations and discipline Adult workers were fined for being late and fired for serious misconduct Child workers were often beaten

How did this change the world? New machines and new ways to raise production levels More factories = more production of goods Factories = Industry = Power and Money!!! Industrialized country – a country w/ industry (factories) Industrialized countries b/c more wealthy & powerful than unindustrialized nations Unindustrialized nations – countries w/ no industry Balance of world power will b/g to shift Industrialized countries b/g to take over unindustrialized countries