Plant Diversity

Plant Divisions/groups Based on 3 important features Water-conducting (vascular) tissues Seeds Flowers (seeds enclosed in fruit)

Ferns and their relatives Flowering plants Cone-bearing plants Ferns and their relatives Mosses and their relatives Green algae ancestor Flowers; Seeds Enclosed in Fruit Seeds Water-Conducting (Vascular) Tissue

Plant kingdom divided into 4 major groups: Mosses and their relatives (non-vascular plants) Ferns and their relatives (seedless vascular plants) Cone-bearing plants (seed plants-gymnosperms) Flowering plants (seed plants-angiosperms)

Cone-bearing plants 760 species Flowering plants 235,000 species Ferns and their relatives 11,000 species Mosses and their relatives 15,600 species

1. Bryophytes Mosses/ relatives No vascular tissues Absorb water by osmosis only a few centimeters above the ground Reproduce using spores

Vascular tissue Made of tube-like elongated cells through which water and minerals are transported. Include xylem & phloem

2. Seedless vascular plants Include club mosses, horsetails, and ferns. Have roots, leaves, stems Reproduce using spores

                                                                                           Club mosses Horse tails Ferns

3. Gymnosperms Bear their seeds in cones Seed includes embryo, food supply, & protective seed coat Seed coat Embryo Stored food supply Seed Wing

Examples Cycads Gnetophytes Conifers Gingko

4. Angiosperms Reproductive flowers Seeds are enclosed in fruit Most common plant group

Flowering plants divided into 2 groups: Monocotyledons (Monocots) Ex. Wheat, grasses, lilies, corn Dicotyledons (Dicots) Ex. Most trees & shrubs, roses, daisies Cotyledon = seed leaves

Types of Roots Tap Fibrous