Elements, Compounds and Mixtures

Elements Consists of only one type of atom Cannot be broken down into a simpler type of matter by physical or chemical means Can exist as atoms or molecules An atom is the smallest component of an element that has the chemical properties of the element. A molecule is two or more atoms bound together.

Elements Elements are shown on the Periodic Table of Elements Element Song

Compounds Consists of atoms of two or more elements that are bound together Can be broken down into a simpler form of matter (elements) by chemical means Has properties that are different than its component elements Always contains the same ratio of its component atoms.

Table Salt

Water

Mixtures Consists of two or more different elements and of compounds that are physically mixed Can be separated into its components by physical means Often retains many of the properties of its components

Mixtures

Types of Mixtures Homogeneous The parts are evenly distributed ex. Sugar water Heterogeneous The parts of the mixture are not evenly distributed ex. Salad dressing Mint Chip ice cream

Identify the Mixtures (M) and Compounds (C) 1. 3. M C 2. 4. M C

Identify the Mixtures as Heterogeneous or Homogenous 1. 3. He Hom 2. 4. He Hom

Compare and Contrast Compare and Contrast Mixtures and compounds by writing the characteristic you think… Sets a compound apart the most Sets a mixture apart the most They have the most in common

What is a physical change? A physical change occurs when the substance changes state but does not change its chemical composition. For example: water freezing into ice, cutting a piece of wood into smaller pieces, etc. The form or appearance has changed, but the properties of that substance are the same (i.e. it has the same melting point, boiling point, chemical composition, etc.) Definition of physical changes.

What are chemical changes? A chemical change occurs when a substance changes into something new. This occurs due to heating, chemical reaction, etc. You can tell a chemical change has occurred if the density, melting point or freezing point of the original substance changes. To identify a chemical change look for observable signs such as color change, bubbling and fizzing, light production, smoke, and presence of heat. Definition of chemical change.

Comparison of Physical and Chemical Properties

Physical Chemical Temperature Hardness Density State of Matter Color (mixture) Solubility It’s ability to be dissolved in water Bubbling Fizzing Popping New Substance Color (New)

Physical and Chemical Change Video

Identify the Physical (P) and Chemical (C) Changes 1. 3. C C 2. 4. P C