What does pedigree mean? X What does pedigree mean? Pedigree: a diagram that traces one trait through several generations of a family

Pedigree Video *Only for those who can’t watch it on Haiku*

= female = male

Example #1 How many girls? ___ How many boys? ___ mom dad son daughter #1 daughter #2

mom dad oldest youngest daughter #1 daughter #2 son

A horizontal line connecting two shapes represents a cross/marriage. mom dad

Example #2 How many crosses/marriages? A B C D E F G

A vertical line extending down from a marriage/cross represents that the couple has children. mom dad

Carrier When a person is half shaded it means they are a carrier. =A male who is affected by trait = A female who is affected by a trait Carrier: A person that carries ONE copy of the gene, but it is masked by the dominant trait. (hybrid).

How do you show that a person has the trait? Shading ( shaded = recessive ) RR Rr rr mutation **A pedigree chart follows one trait.

Pedigree Symbols Symbol Meaning Normal Female Normal Male Affected Female Affected Male Carrier Female Carrier Male Marriage Reproduced (Had Offspring)

A B C D E F questions… G

? Example #3 How many couples have children? H A B G H C D E F J K L M Q R S T

Pedigree charts help to trace genetic traits such as diseases Pedigree charts help to trace genetic traits such as diseases. Most genetic diseases are a recessive gene. If you have 1 recessive, you are a carrier, but you are not sick. If you have 2 recessive genes, you are sick with the disease. (you are “affected”) In order for a trait to be dominant it has to show up in EVERY generation. Aa aa

How do you show twins? A B C D E F

Rr mom RR dad R = tongue roller r = non-roller __ __ son __ __ Daughter 1 __ __ Daughter 2 R R R r RR RR Rr Rr