Capstone Presentation: 2016 and 2017 UNC Greenhouse Gas Inventories 12/3/2018 Capstone Presentation: 2016 and 2017 UNC Greenhouse Gas Inventories Matt Bravante David Herskowitz Shalini Sharma Eric Fitch Heyward Lathrop Emma Tobin Kojo Minta Jintong Wu Sam Blank

Our project had two major phases: THeasdf Project Overview Over the course of this semester, our team created a greenhouse gas inventory for 2016 and 2107 Our project had two major phases:  Phase 1: Collect and calculate an inventory of greenhouse gas emissions produced directly an indirectly by UNC's campus in 2016 and 2017 Phase 2: Use the inventory trends and data analysis to create recommendations on how to mitigate future emissions

Definition of Scopes Scope 1 Direct emissions Scope is a term used in greenhouse gas inventories to compartmentalize the different types of emissions.  Scope 1 Direct emissions Generators, Cogeneration Plant Scope 2 Purchased Electricity Scope 3 Indirect emissions Commuting, waste, food etc.

Results of the project Total Greenhouse Gas Emissions: 2017: 419,575.75 Metric Tons of CO2 Equivalents 2016: 418,291.42 Metric Tons of CO2 Equivalents  Since 2013, University emissions have decreased 16%.

Campus Cogeneration Plant Switchgear Gas Emissions Scope 1 Emissions Vehicle Fleet The vehicle fleet is operated separately by department The vehicle fleet is a small part of the overall emissions on campus Campus Cogeneration Plant Produces steam and electricity for the hospital and university Burns fossil fuels to create energy Responsible for over 60% of the university's emissions Switchgear Gas Emissions All switches on campus use Sulfur Hexafluoride (SF6) in their chambers.  SF6 has a global warming potential of 23,900 One pound of SF6 would be the equivalent of 23,900 pounds of CO2

Purchased Electricity: Purchased Electricity: Scope 2 Emissions  This category calculate the indirect carbon emissions results from UNC's Electricity purchase from Duke Energy, excluding the electricity UNC sold to UNC hospital. 2016 Purchased Electricity: 404,015,224 kWh Metric Tons Emitted: 110,009 MT CO2 Carbon Intensity: .33 MT CO2/MWh 2017 Purchased Electricity: 385,493,928 kWh Metric Tons Emitted: 99,241 MTCO2 Carbon Intensity: .31 MT CO2/MWh

Scope 3 Emissions Commuting Air Travel Solid Waste Includes 62% of Chapel Hill Transit, and all other emissions associated with commuters 31,545 MT CO2e in 2017, up from 28,425 in 2013  Air Travel  Study abroad and other university-associated flights contribute over 20,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide to the university footprint Solid Waste Landfilled waste adds to emissions, while recycling and composting counted as negative emissions  In 2017, net emissions from solid waste were – 4464 MT CO2e Waste is broken down into 13 categories

Scope 3 Emissions Upstream Natural Gas Paper Usage UNC use Natural Gas for boiler in the steam plants Upstream Natural Gas Emissions are emissions generated in the NG production system, leaks along the way, and direct combustion. It also includes activities such as venting and flaring of methane during well completion and leaks. Paper Usage  Paper Consumption causes emissions from the depletion of forestry and the production of the paper.  The university purchases most of its paper products from Staples Different types of paper have different emission factors based on its composition of virgin and recycled paper product.

Scope 3 Emissions Urban Forestry Landscaping Carolina Dining Services Held constant to data from a 2012 capstone – 6,120 tons CO2 sequestered by trees on UNC campus  Landscaping  Calculated nitrogen emissions of every non- herbicide applied on campus grounds Carolina Dining Services Beef and cheese consumption are the two largest food group emitters. Our analysis suggests that modifying the CDS order composition could reduce CDS GHG emissions by over 20%

Mitigation Measures \ LED light transition  More energy efficient alternative to normal, cheaper, less money spen Get all buildings onto automation system 95% of buildings are on system, 5% on nomadic controls Expand "events to HVAC" program  Currently exists in union, could be in all buildings that hold events Retrofit OWASA with a biogas generator Feasibility needs to be explored, but  the potential to power and heat the university is there Reduce consumption of beef and cheese on UNC Campus Our proposed plan could make achievable modifications in these categories while reducing CDS emissions by 20%

Mitigation Measures \ Switch the SF6 used in switchgear for G3 gas Switching out this gas could save UNC 19200 Metric Tons of CO2 equivalents every year. Incentivize departments to invest in electric vehicles Switching to Electric Vehicles is an easy way to reduce CO2 emissions at a small marginal cost. Increase biogas usage at Cogen Switch coal as the primary source to biogas or biodiesel, both which burn much more clean "Green-certified" buildings and dorms  Implemented by many colleges, each resident must meet certain criteria for an eco-friendly room, those that comply get a prize Rooftop Solar There are multiple buildings, such as Davis library, that could support a large rooftop solar installation. 

Thank you, Questions