Health Care TPJ205

What is HEALTH? Medical Model – physical "A state characterized by anatomic, physiologic and psychologic integrity; ability to perform personally valued family, work and community roles; ability to deal with physical, biologic, psychologic and social stress..."  (Stokes J. J Community Health 1982;8:33- 41)  

What is HEALTH? Holistic Model — (WHO def’n) Health is a state of complete physical, mental and social well-being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity. (World Health Organization  1946)

What is HEALTH? Wellness Model — process/dynamic (not a state)  "The extent to which an individual or group is able to realize aspirations and satisfy needs, and to change or cope with the environment.   Health is a resource for everyday life, not the objective of living; it is a positive concept, emphasizing social and personal resources, as well as physical capacities."   (Health promotion: a discussion document. Copenhagen, WHO, 1984.)

Aspects of Health Physical Health Emotional / Mental Health Spiritual / Moral Health Since the body is an INTEGRATED WHOLE, all aspects of health are connected at some level

Physical Health Levels of Health in the body Molecular (DNA structure, protein synthesis etc.) Cellular (healthy cell differentiation and function) Organs (healthy organ functions) Organ system (healthy systems interacting) Organism! (Healthy plant, animal, you!)

What can go wrong? Levels of Health in the body Molecular (DNA damage, metabolic errors) Cellular (improper function, tumour formation) Organs (organ malfunction) Organ system (system errors) Organism! (serious body health issues)

Emotional /Mental Health Levels of Health in the mind Molecular (DNA and protein/hormone synthesis) Cellular (nerve cells and endocrine cells) Organs (brain, endocrine organs) Organ system (Nervous System, Endocrine system) Organism! (Healthy animal, you!)

Spiritual / Moral Health Levels of Health in the person Spirit/Soul/Body connection Conscience, guilt, anger, stress, etc. Power of forgiveness Sense of purpose, meaning, value Awareness of Spiritual reality, Divine help/support Value of meditation, prayer, reflection

Connections? Physical: A person who is emotionally stable, and spiritually healthy tends to heal from physical trauma faster! Emotional: A person who is physically fit, and spiritually healthy tends to have fewer emotional issues, OR is better equipped to deal with the issues when they arise! Spiritual: A person who takes care of themselves physically and emotionally tends to see the benefits of spiritual disciplines in their lives

Where do we study Health? Grade 9: Phys. Ed., Science, Geography Grade 10: Phys. Ed., Science, Health care course!!! Grade 11: Phys. Ed., Biology, Food & Nutrition Grade 12: Phys. Ed., Biology, Exercise Science

What can go wrong? Some health issues are: Hereditary Accidental/Inflicted Environmental Based on poor personal choices Can you list examples of each?

What can go wrong? Some health issues are: Hereditary (genetic diseases) Accidental/Inflicted (car accidents, sports injuries) Environmental (air, water, food quality) Based on poor personal choices (smoking, etc.)

What is the role of the community? Promote healthy lifestyles Provide healthy opportunities Legislate healthy options (we'll discuss this further) Provide helpful interventions Treat (and hopefully heal) health issues Care for unhealthy people

What is the role of the individual? Live a healthy lifestyles Make use of healthy opportunities Follow Legislation of healthy options Take advantage of healthy interventions Cooperate with treatments Care for ourselves, and unhealthy people