Gene Expression I pp. 204-206.

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Gene Expression I pp. 204-206

Overview The first step to making proteins is called transcription DNA  RNA  Protein

Location Prokaryote: Cytoplasm Eukaryote: Nucleus

Transcription DNA  RNA  Protein DNA is “rewritten” into mRNA Only genes needed for specific proteins are transcribed

Transcription RNA Polymerase binds to DNA DNA unzips

RNA Polymerase adds complementary RNA Nucleotides RNA has Uracil (U) instead of Thymine (T) Guanine and Cytosine are the same

Polymerase falls off & DNA rebinds EXAMPLE: Polymerase falls off & DNA rebinds DNA Strand A G T C G T C G A T C A T C A G C A G C T A G T mRNA Strand A G U C G U C G A U C A

RNA Processing The genomes of eukaryotes are larger and more complex than those of prokaryotes. Eukaryotic genes are organized into noncoding sections (introns) and coding sections (exons). In eukaryotes the transcription product is first called pre-mRNA After transcription the introns are cut out from pre-mRNA to make mRNA.

Result of Transcription Produces a single strand of mRNA mRNA then carries “instructions” to ribosomes in the cytoplasm to make proteins

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