Standard SB1c. Identify the function of the four major macromolecules (i.e., carbohydrates, proteins, lipids, nucleic acids).

Before we begin… What are cells made of?

Activity time With the blocks given build something with your partner(s)

What are macromolecules? big Big molecule Macromolecules are essential molecules. *ESSENTIAL- adjective: absolutely necessary; extremely important

They contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen THINK! Organic….? What does this mean? They contain Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen Macromolecules are all organic compounds because all 4 contain these 3 (of the 5) essential elements!!

ORGANIC COMPOUNDS LIPIDS PROTEINS NUCLEIC ACIDS CARBOHYDRATES

What do macromolecules look like? Made up of smaller “building blocks” called monomers (mono=one) Kind of like bricks making a brick wall

Four Major Macromolecules: 1. Lipids-fats 2. Carbohydrates 3. Proteins Nucleic acids ( DNA & RNA) All 4 are essential for the survival of living things What does essential mean???

Examples: fats, oils, and waxes 1. Lipids Examples: fats, oils, and waxes

Function: insulation (padding), protection, Why do we need fat? Function: insulation (padding), protection, stored energy

Did you know??? A lipid is a fat if it is solid at room temperature and an oil if it is a liquid at room temperature

Lipid Monomer The monomer of a lipid is called a fatty acid (Fats make you look swollen so think fat lip)

What is this?

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Ex: sugars, starches (grains), cellulose 2. Carbohydrate Definition: Molecule made of Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen in a 1:2:1 ratio called a saccharide Ex: sugars, starches (grains), cellulose Glucose: the source of most of the cell’s energy -ose = sugar The word “Saccharide” means “sugar” (monosaccharide, disaccharide, polysaccharide)

Rule: If it comes from an animal, then it definitely has protein. 3. Proteins Definition: A macromolecule (organic-carbon compound) made of amino acids Rule: If it comes from an animal, then it definitely has protein.

Protein Functions: provide structural support (muscles) transport substances (hemoglobin in blood) speed-up reactions (enzymes)

4. Nucleic Acids Examples: DNA and RNA

Function: store and communicate genetic information Nucleic Acid Function: store and communicate genetic information

Nucleic Acid Monomer Nucleotides are the monomers for nucleic acids

EXIT TICKET NUMBER YOUR PAPER 1-5 PUT YOUR NOTES AWAY

The first step of the scientific method is to:_____________ Question 1 The first step of the scientific method is to:_____________ A. Perform an experiment B. Identify a question C. Write a conclusion D. Collect Data

All of the following macromolecules are obtained from food EXCEPT: Question 2 All of the following macromolecules are obtained from food EXCEPT: A. Lipids B. Proteins C. Nucleic Acids D. Carbohydrates

In biology the term organic refers to: Question 3 In biology the term organic refers to: A. Pesticides B. A type of food C. A substance made of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen D. Any living thing that has organs

Question 4 Lipids are made up of __________, while carbohydrates are made up of ____________. A. Fatty acids; sugars B. carbohydrates; proteins C. sugar; fatty acids D. A wax; an oil

What molecule makes up the bulk of a cell? Question 5 What molecule makes up the bulk of a cell? A. carbohydrates B. lipids C. proteins D. water