Solar+Storage applications in income eligible multifamily buildings for increased resiliency and savings Bill lyons

Summary Why Now? Why IL? Resiliency in Income Eligible Multi-Family (IEMF) Buildings—Historic and Current Maintenance Issues Resiliency in Income Eligible Multi-Family Buildings—Future Storage Installation and Incentive successes Savings from Solar+Storage in Market Rate and IEMF applications. Technical and Financial Considerations Conclusions

WHY? Resiliency opportunity Maintain heat in power outage, Provide critical load power, Cellphone charging Energy costs disproportionately impact Low and Moderate Income Households Inconvenience to middle or upper middle can be catastrophic Programs designed to aid, such as LIHEAP and new proposals under FEJA Future Energy Jobs Act Solar and Community Solar No specific funding for energy storage nor Solar+Storage

Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings

Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings (One Exception) Senior and assisted living centers

Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings – the past Single Pipe Steam Coal burned, steam rose, condensate returned via gravity. No electricity needed, constant burn rate. Two Pipe Steam Increased efficiency; Increased building height; Needs circulating pump (electricity) Power Blower, Modulating Blowers, averaging controllers, condensing boilers Increased efficiency; Needs motors, computers (electricity)

maintenance in income eligible multifamily buildings – the reality Equipment is often in disrepair Maintenance staff are stretched thin. Equipment is not replaced in time Preventative maintenance often deferred Implementation of new technology Minimize new responsibilities for maintenance staff

Resiliency in income eligible multifamily buildings – the future NOT natural gas or diesel generators Too expensive, maintenance issues, fuel Solar+Storage Sized to run critical loads such as blower motors, controls, circulating pumps Duration can be infinite for critical loads (approximately 5 billion years left) Even more expensive than generators (at this time) Possible leverage with solar PV funding Need to advocate for future storage specific incentives

Example solar+Storage success Florida Solar Energy Center School Shelters 10 kW PV array with storage 115 schools across the state Fossil fuel generators failed at multiple sites No Solar+Storage failures

Example solar+Storage Legislation Storage specific Legislation CA, NJ, MA Community solar success and failure MA program successful with private investor CA program: 0 private investor installations Catch 22 and uncertainty even though levels were acceptable

Savings from solar+Storage systems (Market rate) Frequency Regulation Was very lucrative in PJM region recent change reduced profitability Capacity Charge Reduction (Large accounts) 10 samples “randomly” selected times Demand Charge Reduction Reduce Max Power each month Arbitrage Sell high, charge low; requires large price change from peak and off peak Energy Production (and Reduced Energy and Delivery Charges) Provided by PV generation

Savings from solar+Storage systems (Income eligible) Frequency Regulation Not likely: Needs special operator status Capacity Charge Reduction (Large accounts) Not likely: Too small, requires high level of management Demand Charge Reduction Possible: May be difficult for small “common” meter accounts Arbitrage Not likely: Requires high level of management Energy Production (and Reduced Energy and Delivery Charges) Provided by PV generation

Technical and Financial Considerations Behind or in front of meter? Distributed generation or community solar Income eligible housing suitability typically in areas needing infrastructure upgrades. (roof, existing health/safety issues) Split Incentives much stronger than in market rate housing Credit/financing is harder to get and more expensive Commonly not for profit organizations (POAH, Religious or community groups) Cannot leverage tax mechanisms (tax credit, accelerated depreciation) May require developer with tax liabilities to own system Maintenance facilities and preventative maintenance are often subpar Generators (NG or Diesel) are very rare

Conclusion Solar+Storage can provide necessary resiliency to IEMF buildings Solar+Storage is still developing. Not yet clear its classification (can ComEd own? How do ISO’s treat? Rates?) Solar+Storage in income elible multi-family buildings needs incentives in IL There are successful projects and incentive programs in other states How should these be designed? How to leverage planned FEJA programs in the interim