The Battle of Gettysburg

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Presentation transcript:

The Battle of Gettysburg

Lee Re-Organizes Army of N. VA Shakeup after Jackson’s death. Two Corps Three Corps: First Corps: Longstreet Second Corps: A.P. Hill Third Corps: Ewell

Lee’s Second Invasion Plan Invasion Goals: Influence Union election Relieve pressure on Vicksburg, MS. Leave VA alone! Move toward Harrisburg, force Hooker to attack. Stuart and cavalry sent on raid through PA. Movement begins June 15, 1863

Hooker Gets the Hook Hooker resigns on June 28, 1863. Lincoln names Gen. George Meade new commander. Meade begins chasing Lee.

Prelude to the Battle Union Gen. Buford’s cavalry shadowed Lee’s army into PA. Buford positioned 2,800 troopers west of Gettysburg. Union infantry a day behind; hold the “high ground” to the south.

Prelude to the Battle (continued) With Stuart gone, Lee unaware of Union movements. Confederate scout alerts Begins concentrating forces around Gettysburg. “No fighting until the army is concentrated.”

The Battle Begins: July 1st—Day 1 7:30AM: CSA Gen. Heth (Hill’s Corps) sent a brigade into town. Met resistance from “militia” (wrong!). Buford’s men had cover, elevation, and breech-loading carbines. Heth realized it’s dismounted cavalry; brings up more men.

First Day of Battle (continued) 10:00AM: Confederates turn Buford’s flanks, but Union infantry arrive Gen. Reynolds w/ 1st and 11th Corps Confederates halted, but more troops coming 10:45AM: Gen. Reynolds killed

Sketch detailing the death of Gen Sketch detailing the death of Gen. Reynolds, and the marker erected on the spot near McPherson’s Woods.

As Ewell’s corps arrives, Union troops forced to extend defensive live to North of town.

First Day of Battle (continued) Union defenders eventually badly outnumbered. 27,000 vs. 17,000 By 4PM, Union positions from north to south had collapsed. Union troops retreat through town, re-organize in the south.

CSA Gen. John B. Gordon tending to Union Gen CSA Gen. John B. Gordon tending to Union Gen. Francis Barlow, Gettysburg 1st Day.

11th PA Regiment Monument, with “Sallie”.

John Burns, Gettysburg/American B.A.

End of the First Day Lee ordered Ewell to take high ground “if practicable”; Ewell did not. Confederates win the day, not the best ground. Lee & commanders faced with strategic dilemma. Casualties: Union: 9,000 CSA: 6,000

Gettysburg, Part I Prelude – End of Day 1 We will discuss the questions as we go.