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Presentation transcript:

FMD Reference Laboratory OUTBREAKS OF FOOT-AND-MOUTH DISEASE VIRUS IN THE MIDDLE EAST DURING 2015 AND 2016 DUE TO AN EXOTIC A/ASIA/G-VII (G-18) LINEAGE Jemma Wadsworth, Katarzyna Bachanek-Bankowska, Barsha Thapa, Donald P. King and Nick J. Knowles FMD Reference Laboratory

FMDV A in Asia: 2005-2015

FMDV A Genotype VII (18) Iran, August to December 2015 (Qom province) Traced to Miyandoab live animal market in West Azerbaijan province. Saudi Arabia, September 2015 (4 farms) Turkey, September to October 2015 (Van, Bitlis & Amasya provinces) – 217 + outbreaks Armenia, December 2015

Sequence analysis

Saudi Arabia FMDV type A Historical context Saudi Arabia FMDV type A Years 1973 1976 1984 1986-87 1991-1995 2005 2015

Site 3 Site 1 1043-1047 1138-1154 A/ERI/3/98 NSPTP TSVSPRRGDLGALAARV A22/IRQ/24/64 QNLNP AGGTGRRGDLGPLAARV A/MAY/97 KPVSP TPGA-RRGDLGSLAARD A/IRN/31/2005 SPVSP TTGNGRRGDLGPLAARV A/TUR/4/2006 TTGNGRRGDLGSLAARV A/IRN/12/2015 VNVSP AASGRARGDLGQLAARV A/Van/TUR/203/2015 A/SAU/1/2015 AASGRTRGDQGQLAARV A/SAU/2/2015 A/SAU/6/2015 A/SAU/3/2015 AASGRARGDTGQLAARV A/SAU/4/2015 A/SAU/5/2015 AASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/7/2015 A/SAU/8/2015 TASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/15/2016 Reference viruses Field viruses

Site 3 Site 1 1043-1047 1138-1154 A/ERI/3/98 NSPTP TSVSPRRGDLGALAARV A22/IRQ/24/64 QNLNP AGGTGRRGDLGPLAARV A/MAY/97 KPVSP TPGA-RRGDLGSLAARD A/IRN/31/2005 SPVSP TTGNGRRGDLGPLAARV A/TUR/4/2006 TTGNGRRGDLGSLAARV A/IRN/12/2015 VNVSP AASGRARGDLGQLAARV A/Van/TUR/203/2015 A/SAU/1/2015 AASGRTRGDQGQLAARV A/SAU/2/2015 A/SAU/6/2015 A/SAU/3/2015 AASGRARGDTGQLAARV A/SAU/4/2015 A/SAU/5/2015 AASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/7/2015 A/SAU/8/2015 TASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/15/2016 Reference viruses Farm 1 Field viruses

Site 3 Site 1 1043-1047 1138-1154 A/ERI/3/98 NSPTP TSVSPRRGDLGALAARV A22/IRQ/24/64 QNLNP AGGTGRRGDLGPLAARV A/MAY/97 KPVSP TPGA-RRGDLGSLAARD A/IRN/31/2005 SPVSP TTGNGRRGDLGPLAARV A/TUR/4/2006 TTGNGRRGDLGSLAARV A/IRN/12/2015 VNVSP AASGRARGDLGQLAARV A/Van/TUR/203/2015 A/SAU/1/2015 AASGRTRGDQGQLAARV A/SAU/2/2015 A/SAU/6/2015 A/SAU/3/2015 AASGRARGDTGQLAARV A/SAU/4/2015 A/SAU/5/2015 AASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/7/2015 A/SAU/8/2015 TASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/15/2016 Reference viruses Field viruses Farm 2

Site 3 Site 1 1043-1047 1138-1154 A/ERI/3/98 NSPTP TSVSPRRGDLGALAARV A22/IRQ/24/64 QNLNP AGGTGRRGDLGPLAARV A/MAY/97 KPVSP TPGA-RRGDLGSLAARD A/IRN/31/2005 SPVSP TTGNGRRGDLGPLAARV A/TUR/4/2006 TTGNGRRGDLGSLAARV A/IRN/12/2015 VNVSP AASGRARGDLGQLAARV A/Van/TUR/203/2015 A/SAU/1/2015 AASGRTRGDQGQLAARV A/SAU/2/2015 A/SAU/6/2015 A/SAU/3/2015 AASGRARGDTGQLAARV A/SAU/4/2015 A/SAU/5/2015 AASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/7/2015 A/SAU/8/2015 TASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/15/2016 Reference viruses Field viruses Farm 3

Site 3 Site 1 1043-1047 1138-1154 A/ERI/3/98 NSPTP TSVSPRRGDLGALAARV A22/IRQ/24/64 QNLNP AGGTGRRGDLGPLAARV A/MAY/97 KPVSP TPGA-RRGDLGSLAARD A/IRN/31/2005 SPVSP TTGNGRRGDLGPLAARV A/TUR/4/2006 TTGNGRRGDLGSLAARV A/IRN/12/2015 VNVSP AASGRARGDLGQLAARV A/Van/TUR/203/2015 A/SAU/1/2015 AASGRTRGDQGQLAARV A/SAU/2/2015 A/SAU/6/2015 A/SAU/3/2015 AASGRARGDTGQLAARV A/SAU/4/2015 A/SAU/5/2015 AASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/7/2015 A/SAU/8/2015 TASGRARGDLEQLTARV A/SAU/15/2016 Reference viruses Field viruses Farm 4

Saudi Arabia and A G-VII Outbreaks have been reported on large scale dairy farms, confirmed as serotype A G-VII Farms using regular vaccination with aqueous based, NSP purified, ≥6.0PD50 vaccine Contains A Iran 05 and A Saudi 95 strains as part of a polyvalent vaccine Vaccination schedule Primary course 3, 4, 5 and 6 months of age Booster every 90 days thereafter

Recent r-values: Current vaccines Saudi viruses A/SAU/1/2015 Poor in-vitro match to many commercial vaccines Current vaccines Saudi viruses A/SAU/1/2015 A/SAU/2/2015 A/IRN/8/2015 A/IRN/12/2015 A-Iran-05 0.03 A-Iran-87 0.04 nd A-Iran-96 0.06 A-Iran-99 0.01 A-Sau-95* 0.11 0.12 0.19 A-22 0.13 A-Tur-20-06 0.15 A-May-97 0.14 0.23 A-Tur-11 0.10 A-Tur-14 A-IND-40-2000* 0.26 0.24 Recent r-values: * Multiple BVS tested

Summary and priorities Rapidly changing situation – very dynamic Collection of samples from field outbreaks is vital Important to continue to exchange epidemiological data and laboratory results Vaccine recommendations require careful consideration Apparent gap in vaccine coverage WRLFMD is collating lab and field data regarding the performance of vaccine against this strain Greater confidence in the use of vaccines urgently required – from in vivo potency tests or data from the field (vaccine efficacy).

Acknowledgements Fuat Özyörük, Alexei Mischenko, Alexei Scherbakov, Jitendra Biswal and Bramhadev Pattnaik, for providing sequence data. Support for the WRLFMD and research projects Collaborating FMD Reference Laboratories and field teams Partners within the OIE/FAO FMD Lab Network Funding by DEFRA WRLFMD Team: Don King, Valerie Mioulet, Nick Knowles, Anna Ludi, Ginette Wilsden, Kasia Bachanek-Bankowska, Lissie Henry, Britta Wood, Barsha Thapa, Bob Statham, Abid Bin-Tarif, Ashley Gray, Clare Browning, Beth Johns, Mark Henstock, Alison Morris, David Paton, Nick Lyons, Dexter Wiseman, Julie Maryan, Sarah Belgrave