Computer Vision & Image Processing G. Andy Chang Department of Mathematics & Statistics Youngstown State University Youngstown, Ohio

Human Vision Illusion 1. Green > Red 2. Green = Red

Human Vision

Illusion (Human Vision)

Vision System Human Vision Qualitative Comparative Computer Vision Quantitative Pixel (combination of Picture & Element) is the smallest element of a display which can be assigned a color. 320 pixels 334 pixels Pixel (combination of Picture & Element) is the smallest element of a display which can be assigned a color.

Human hair thickness is about 100 micron. Old design Wafer is the unit on which most chip manufacturing steps are performed. The common diameters of wafer are 80, 100, 125, 200 and 300 mm. One of the major tasks in the wafer inspection is bump (connector) metrology. The size of the connector can be as small as few micron (1mm=10-6m). Human hair thickness is about 100 micron.   Wafer Human hair thickness is about 100 micron.

Computer Vision 564×380 Digital Image

28 =256 0 ~ 255

Original Image (564×380) 8-bit Gray Scale Image (256 gray levels)

Image with 84 × 57 pixels (Low resolution)

3-bit Gray Scale Image (0 – 7) EXCEL WORKSHEET_AM EXCEL WORKSHEET_PM

Original Image (564×380) 8-bit Gray Scale Image (256 = 28 gray levels)

Smoothed Image

Sharpened Image

Inverted Image (564×380) 8-bit Gray Scale Image 0  255 1  254 2  253 3  252 4  251 5  250 …

Object Identification (Binary Thresholding)

Object Identification

Object Identification

Object Identification

Old design

Human hair thickness is about 100 micron The size of the connector can be as small as few micron (1micron=10-4cm). Human hair thickness is about 100 micron Old design

Oyster Size Measurement (b) a) Original Image b) Binary Image of Projected Area

Images of Firm and Soft Apples Compute the standard deviation of the gray scale from pixels.

Blood Cells

Airborne Spores