How science works (adapted from Coombs, 1983)

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Presentation transcript:

How science works (adapted from Coombs, 1983)

Empirical Systems T Segment of the real world Empirical generalization Language development Attitude measurement Memory Illusions T Empirical generalization Segment of the real world Testing by observation or experiment To draw conclusion from the data about the existence of empirical regularities

Empirical Systems Can make inferences Bring novelty Descriptions of observations T Empirical generalization Segment of the real world Extrapolation beyond the bounds of the observation is unjustified Have no explanatory power

Mathematical Systems M Axiom system Logical consequences Set of abstract objects Unproven assertions to avoid circularity of reasoning (e.g. element, belong to, set, point, and or) M Logical consequences Axiom system Mathematical reasoning (proof) Consequences that are derived from the axiom system (theorems)

Mathematical Systems (Model) Totally deductive Brings nothing new Seeks logical consistency Can explain M Logical consequences Axiom system

Empirical and Mathematical Systems Empirical generalization Segment of the real world A I (interpretation) (abstraction) M Logical consequence Axiom system

Model A I T M Segment of the real world Axiom system Empirical generalization Logical consequence

Theory A I T M Segment of the real world Axiom system Empirical generalization Logical consequence

The empirical world is rich, the mathematical world is powerful The empirical world is rich, the mathematical world is powerful. The match is fruitful. If AMI = T, then scientific knowledge has increased A I M Logical consequence Axiom system T Empirical generalization Segment of the real world

Explanations for simple phenomenon are lacking! Invariance Translation A Rotation A Size A A