Foodborne transmission of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157:[H7] via ground beef: an outbreak in northern France, 2011 L.A. King, E. Loukiadis,

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Foodborne transmission of sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157:[H7] via ground beef: an outbreak in northern France, 2011 L.A. King, E. Loukiadis, P. Mariani-Kurkdjian, S. Haeghebaert, F.-X. Weill, C. Baliere, S. Ganet, M. Gouali, V. Vaillant, N. Pihier, H. Callon, R. Novo, O. Gaillot, D. Thevenot-Sergentet, E. Bingen, P. Chaud, H. de Valk Clinical Microbiology and Infection Volume 20, Issue 12, Pages O1136-O1144 (December 2014) DOI: 10.1111/1469-0691.12736 Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. 1 Number of E. coli O157 [19]:[H7]/O177:[H25] outbreak cases by date of symptom onset, Shiga toxin-producing E. coli serotype and pulsotype of isolated strains, France, 2011 (n = 18). Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2014 20, O1136-O1144DOI: (10.1111/1469-0691.12736) Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. 2 Number of E. coli O157:[H7]/O177:[H25] outbreak cases by administrative district of residence, France, 2011 (n = 18). Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2014 20, O1136-O1144DOI: (10.1111/1469-0691.12736) Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions

FIG. 3 Sorbitol-fermenting Escherichia coli O157:[H7] outbreak, France, 2011: XBaI pulsed-field gel electrophoresis patterns, serotype and source of the E. coli strains isolated from human cases, consumer meat and industrial meat. The dendrogram was generated using the band-based Dice similarity coefficient with 0.5% band position tolerance and the unweighted pair group method with arithmetic mean clustering. (a) [HX]: non-motile strain; O157 has been determined either by agglutination (clinical isolates) or PCR (food isolates); O26 has been determined either by rfb-RFLP (clinical isolates) or PCR (food isolates); O103 has been determined by PCR; O22, O26, O177 and O116 have been determined by rfb-RFLP; H alleles have been determined by PCR (H2, H7, H8 and H11) or by fliC sequencing (H21,H25, and H28). (b–d) PFGE type C is also shared by isolates from (data not shown): (b) human cases n°2, 3, 4, 6 and 7 (isolates n°32667, 32737, 32738, 32850 and 32617, respectively); (c) industrial meat (isolates n°540; 593; 609; 620; 668; 52-33n°34 and 1061-A); (d) consumer meat of human cases n°2 and 8 (isolates n°767, 481-16-3 and 481-16-1, respectively). (e–g) PFGE type E is also shared by isolates from (data not shown): (e) consumer meat of human cases n°9, 12 and 14 (isolates n°872, 460-13-CMC and 463-3, respectively); (f) human cases n°9, 10, 11 and 12 (isolates n°32739, 32736, 32715 and 32665, respectively); (g) industrial meat (isolate n°603). (h and i) PFGE type A is also shared by isolates from (data not shown): (h) consumer meat of human case n°14 (isolate n°469-15-7); (i) industrial meat (isolates n°554, 851, 958 and 1061-B). Clinical Microbiology and Infection 2014 20, O1136-O1144DOI: (10.1111/1469-0691.12736) Copyright © 2014 European Society of Clinical Infectious Diseases Terms and Conditions