Influence of Spain on Texas

Warm-Up Wednesday Sept., 12, 2018 Glue Vocabulary paper to page 12 in notebook. Conquistador: a conqueror, especially one of the Spanish conquerors of Mexico and Peru in the 16th century (1500’s). Expedition: a journey or voyage undertaken by a group of people with a particular purpose, especially that of exploration, scientific research, or war.

WORK ON PROJECT!!!! (Due Monday…last day working in class) Thursday, Sept., 13, 2018 Exploration: the action of traveling in or through an unfamiliar area in order to learn about it. Viceroy: a ruler exercising authority in a colony on behalf of a sovereign (KING). WORK ON PROJECT!!!! (Due Monday…last day working in class)

Warm-Up Mission: a Spanish outpost/settlement with the purpose of converting Native American’s to Catholicism. Presidio: (in Spain and Spanish America) a fortified military settlement. (e.g. Fort)

Warm-Up Colonization: claim for control by a distant nation. State sponsored settlement of people in new territories. Friar: a member of the catholic church (like a monk)

Pre-AP Read through the notes Highlight the underlined parts of the notes. Answer the questions (Turn them in) Glue/staple notes to notebook (page 13)

Spanish Colonial Vocabulary Mission: a settlement founded to spread Christianity to the people of the area. Two main things in a mission were Indian quarters and a church. Missionary: a person sent to do religious work in a territory or foreign country. Colonization: claim for control by a distant nation. State sponsored settlement of people in new territories. Civil Settlements: a village made up of people who were neither priests nor soldiers. Write in spiral

Missions Spain’s main way of colonizing Texas. People running missions were expected to support themselves. The first permanent mission was the Corpus Christi de la Ysleta mission in 1682 in El Paso, then missions in east Texas, and finally in the San Antonio area in 1718 (when the city was established).

Missions in Texas 1682: The Spanish establish first mission at Corpus Christi de la Ysleta in El Paso. 1718: The founding of San Antonio 1731: East Texas Missions are moved to San Antonio 1782: Mission San Jose is completed in San Antonio and other missions are built as well.

Purpose of Missions Spain decided that the best way to take control of Texas was to build more permanent settlements to restore catholic faith and make loyal subjects. Missions were expected to be self supporting Spain’s leaders told priests to teach Texas’s native peoples about the catholic religion and prepare them for Spanish control. The Spanish government hoped that the Native Americans would help fight if Spain ever went to war against another country.

Taking over Texas The Spanish tried to take over Texas by building missions and converting Natives to Catholicism. Come up with a better solution for the Spanish dominance in Texas. Built missions and presidios

Towns Towns and settlements were built near the missions and colonists were brought in for colonies to grow and survive. The first group of the colonists to establish a community was the Canary Islanders in San Antonio (1730). 400 families from Spain

Ranches Ranching was more conducive to where missions and settlements were thriving (like San Antonio). Cattle were easier to raise and protect than farming. The Spanish cowboys who ran the ranches were called Vaquero.

Colonial Texas Early settlers adapted to the environment by using local materials, such as timber and rock for construction of buildings, homes, and furnishings. In order to adapt to the climate of the region, homes were built with a breezeway for shade, to catch a breeze, and came to be known as Dog Run homes. Buckskin clothing was made from deer hides. Wells were used to gain access to underground water.

Influential people on Spanish Texas

Fray Damian Massanet He convinced the viceroy (a person appointed to rule) of New Spain to colonize East Texas and convert the Caddoes to Catholicism In 1690, Massanet and Alonso De Leon were sent with several priests, and about 100 soldiers to colonize East Texas. Massanet went on two expeditions with Leon. Resulted in many missions in East Texas even though they were failures.

Jose de Escandon (1750s) Military commander and governor of Nuevo Santander (present day Laredo). Led Spain’s expansion effort in South Texas. Sent settlers, soldiers, and priests to settle the lands between the Rio Grande and Nueces River establishing missions, presidios and settlements. He moved the La Bahia mission and presidio from the Guadalupe River to the present day site of Goliad.

Antonio Margil de Jesus A Spanish Franciscan priest. Spanish priest that founded several missions in east Texas including Nuestra Senora de los Dolores and San Miguel de los Adaes. Due to problems in East Texas, he moved to San Antonio and founded San Jose y San Miguel de Aguayo, one of the five missions in San Antonio today.

Francisco Hidalgo Priest at mission San Francisco de los Tejas. Contacted French Catholic priests to provide religious services to the local native people when Spanish priests aren’t available. He caused Spanish to be suspicious of French colonization. He asked for permission to preach among the Apaches but was denied. In 1810 he gave a speech to encourage Mexicans, Texans, and others to fight for independence from Spanish rule.

The Chicken War French soldiers were sent to capture a Spanish mission at Los Adaes in East Texas because of a conflict between Spain and France in Europe. The French soldiers looted the mission and captured a Spanish soldier. The French leader was thrown from his horse because of the chickens in the courtyard. The Spanish soldier was able to escape. The story was exaggerated and embarrassed the Spanish viceroy. The Spanish became more determined to hold Texas. The incident illustrated the vulnerability of missions in East Texas and the Spanish missionaries abandoned the missions in East Texas and retreated to San Antonio de Valero.

Spanish Influence on Texas Today

Place Names Amarillo: in Spanish it means yellow. This was the color of the soil of the area and the wildflowers. Rio Grande: Means “Big River.” The border river between Texas and Mexico. Most Texas rivers and landforms

Vocabulary & Religion Vaquero: Spanish word for Cowboy Rodeo: A sport that is based on the skills of cowboys or vaqueros Religion: Roman Catholic

Architecture & Food Home: Hacienda Presidio: Fort Acequias: wells Adobe: Mud Brick Arch: Style of architecture Tortillas: flat bread made of corn Tamales: dumpling made of corn flower and meat.

Arts Corridos: ballad Frescos: Mural painting found in Catholic churches Tejano Music: Music that originated from the cultural convergence of Spanish, German, Czech, and Polish music and instruments.

Worksheet In pods, use your notes, and answer the questions. Turn in (homework if not finished) ***attach fill-in-blank notes to page 13

Pre-AP Discuss with shoulder partner HOW you THINK Native Americans felt about the missions.

IF MISSION WALLS COULD SPEAK…. Pretend that you are a wall of the Alamo Mission. What would you see, hear, observe, and infer about how mission life was for the Native Americans living there. This is in paragraph form. Turn in (homework if not done)

Tuesday, September 18th Quarters: housing or accommodation , especially as provided for military personnel Settlement: a place where people establish a community (usually only land before). Spiral Check Pop-Quiz DBQ’s Why did Texas colony almost fail?

Spiral Check Grade: the bold items -1 = 90 -2 = 80 -3 = 70 -4 = 60 Why Study History Christopher Columbus readings Physical/Human Texas regions foldable Warm-up Native American Map Native American Notes Native American Outline of Picture Vocab 4-Square Push-Pull Explorer Notes Exploration Vocabulary Mission Notes Grade: the bold items -1 = 90 -2 = 80 -3 = 70 -4 = 60 -5 = 50

Warm-Up` Discuss with your shoulder partner the difference between Primary and Secondary Sources. Give Examples of both