Models of Abnormality & Treatment Abnormal Psychology

Biomedical Model Main point: Mental illness etiology is physical, biological, genetic Strengths: Recognizes _____________ Recognizes biology

Weaknesses: Minimizes environment Implies __________ Sx relief focus Drug & tx side effects

Biomedical Txs Electro convulsive therapy (ECT) -Bilateral ECT -Unilateral ECT Psychosurgery (rare cases) ________________ -most popular

Psychoanalytic Model Main points: Over determined behavior Developmental approach _______________ stages Oral, Anal, Phallic, Latency, & Genital

Unconscious Individual ________________ Psychic structure Id, Ego, Superego Defense mechanisms e.g., Repression, Denial, Projection

Strengths: Recognizes environment (childhood & social) Recognizes individual __________ Focus on underlying problem, not just sxs

Weaknesses: Nonverifiable concepts Minimizes personal control Biases against women Relied on restricted population (wealthy Viennese women) Complicated Long tx

Psychoanalytic/dynamic Tx Psychoanalysis, Ego analysis, Psychodynamic therapy Insight Free association Dream interpretation _______________

Humanistic-Existential Model Main Points: Needs & values Self actualization Importance of choice

Strengths: Emphasizes capacity to change Posits self-regulating nature Recognizes individual complexity Recognizes perceptions Includes personal strengths

Weaknesses: Minimizes _____________ Minimizes differences between disorders Nonverifiable

Humanistic-Existential Tx “To find yourself” Client centered therapy Gestalt therapy I-language __________ chair

Cognitive Behavioral Model Main Points: Cognitions Learning history

Strengths: Environment & individual interaction Cognitions Ability to change Provides new coping strategies

Weaknesses: Not concerned with etiology No focus on large envir. changes Focused on sx reduction Appropriate for problems that are: clear behavioral immediately accessible _________

Behavioral Tx Classical conditioning techniques: Systematic desensitization In Vivo, imaginal exposure ___________ Aversion Therapy

Operant conditioning techniques: Contingency Management Skills Training Assertiveness training Social problem solving Parent training Modeling Time management

Cognitive Behavioral Tx (CBT) Cognitive therapy (Beck) Cognitive triad: ______________ Rational emotive therapy (Ellis) Irrational beliefs

Family System Model Main Points: Disturbance in family, social context Family interactions are complex

Strengths: Recognizes system (envir.) Less indiv stigma Weaknesses: Resistant, unchanging system __________________ Bio disorders Levels beyond the family

Family/Social Systems Tx Couples Therapy Family Therapy Group Therapy

Group Tx Psychoeducational Experiential Self-help

Socio-Cultural Model Main Point: Emphasis on larger societal context

Strengths: Recognizes effects beyond ind. Emphasizes ______________ Weaknesses: Ind. problems, bio problems Assumes changes trickle down to ind.

Socio-Cultural Tx Primary Prevention Secondary Prevention Tertiary Prevention

Government Action 1965- Surgeon general's warnings on all packages 1971- broadcast advertising banned 1990- smoking banned on buses & domestic flights 1994- Mississippi filed 1st of 22 state lawsuits for smokers' Medicaid bills 1998- Cigarette industry: $251 billion to state gov.s

Public Anti-Smoking Campaign