Lesson 8: Configuring IP Settings MOAC : Configuring Windows Devices

Overview Objective 4.1 – Configure IP settings. Configure name resolution Connect to a network Configure network locations Objective 4.3 – Configure and maintain network security. Configure network discovery Configure Windows Firewall; configure Windows Firewall with Advanced Security; configure connection security rules (IPsec); and configure authenticated exceptions are covered in Chapter 10 © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 2

Connecting to a Network Lesson 8: Configuring IP Settings © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.3

Connecting to a Network Make decisions about using IPv4/IPv6 Design a name resolution strategy Understand how to configure your wired and wireless network for security. Designing network connectivity in today’s networks requires you to: © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 4

Configuring IP Settings Internet Protocol (IP) is the key protocol in the TCP/IP suite. Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) is a set of protocols that allows computers to exchange data within a network and between networks. Before configuring TCP/IP on your network, take time to plan the implementation. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 5

Exploring the IPv4 and IPv6 Protocols Most networks are a mixture of IPv4 and IPv6 devices on your network. You need to understand how these devices are configured and how they interact with each other. IPv6 is addresses the exhaustion of the IPv4 address space, which supports about 4 billion addresses. The IPv4 address space is quickly being exhausted. IPv6 will eventually take over as the main addressing scheme. Classless interdomain routing (CIDR) is a standard for assigning IP addresses. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 6

Understanding IPv6 and IPv6 Addressing IPv6 Benefits A 128-bit address space to provide addressing for every device on the Internet with a globally unique address More efficient routing than IPv4 Support for automatic configuration Enhanced security to protect against address and port scanning attacks and utilization of IPsec to protect IPv6 traffic © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 7

Using the Default Gateway Default gateway is a device, usually a router, which connects the local network to other networks. When you need to communicate with a host on another subnet, you forward all packets to the default gateway. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 8

Understanding Name Resolution Name resolution is the process of associating host names to IP addresses. The Windows operating system supports four name resolution systems: Domain Name System (DNS) Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) Link Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR) Peer Name Resolution Protocol (PNRP) © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 9

Exploring the Domain Name System (DNS) Domain Name System (DNS): o Is a naming service used by the TCP/IP network. o Is an essential service used by the Internet. o Can be integrated with other services, such as WINS, DHCP, and Active Directory o Is a hierarchical distributed naming system used to locate computers and services on a TCP/IP network DNS servers are used to associate a computer name to an IP address. DNS uses fully qualified domain names (FQDNs) to map a host name to an IP address. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 10

Exploring the DNS Namespace © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 11

Domain Levels Top-level domains.com.org.edu.gov.net Second-level domains microsoft.com contoso.com mit.edu Wikipedia.org gov.au © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 12

Using Windows Internet Name Service A NetBIOS name is a nonhierarchical name that is used by some old Windows applications. Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) is an early name resolution service that you find on some networks to help pre–Windows 2000 computers to resolve a computer name to an IP address. Link Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR), enabled on Windows 7 and later operating systems, is a fallback name resolution technique when DNS or WINS is not available. Peer Name Resolution Protocol (PNRP) is a peer-to- peer protocol designed by Microsoft that is used to provide a secure, scalable, and dynamic name resolution for peer communications. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 13

Configuring IP Settings and Name Resolution Settings Network settings can be configured either manually or automatically using DHCP. Using manual settings can introduce configuration issues that can affect communications. Using a centralized approach to IP address management requires you to have a solid understanding of DHCP. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 14

Entering Static IPv4 and IPv6 Addresses IPv4 © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 15 IPv6

Advanced TCP/IP Settings DNS server addresses, in order of useAppend primary and connection specific DNS suffixesAppend parent suffixes of the primary DNS suffixAppend these DNS suffixes (in order)DNS suffix for this connectionRegister this connection’s addresses in DNSUse this connection’s DNS suffix in DNS registration © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 16

Understanding DHCP Communications © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 17

Using Stateful DHCP and Stateless DHCP Stateful mode: 1.First uses a link-local address (IPv6). 2.After it is autoconfigured with the link-local address, it seeks out a DHCP server on the network by broadcasting a message every five minutes. 3.When the client finally reaches a DHCP server, it configures itself with the assigned IP parameters. Stateless mode clients assign both a link-local address and additional non–link-local addresses by exchanging messages with neighboring routers. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 18

Configuring Advanced Sharing Settings and Network Locations © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 19

Four Network Locations HomeWorkPublicDomain © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 20

Troubleshooting IP Network Problems © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 21 Viewing IP Configuration Network Connections ipconfig Testing Network Connectivity pingtracertpathping Testing Name Resolution Nslookup.exeipconfig Viewing Port Usage netstattelnet

Lesson Summary The most common cabling system used for wired computers is Ethernet. Most computers that use Ethernet connect with unshielded twisted-pair (UTP) cabling. Each end of the UTP cable has RJ-45 connectors. An IPv4 address is a 32-bit-long number assigned to a host on the network. These addresses are broken into four different sections called octets, which are 8 bits long. IPv6 provides a number of benefits for TCP/IP-based networking connectivity, including 128-bit address space to provide addressing for every device on the Internet with a globally unique address. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 22

Lesson Summary A default gateway is a device, usually a router, which connects the local network to other networks. When you need to communicate with a host on another subnet, you forward all packets to the default gateway. Name resolution is the process of associating host names to IP addresses. The Windows operating system supports four name resolution systems: Domain Name System (DNS), Windows Internet Name Service (WINS), Link Local Multicast Name Resolution (LLMNR), and Peer Name Resolution Protocol (PNRP). © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 23

Lesson Summary Windows 10 has advanced sharing settings that allow you to configure network sharing settings based on your network location. To access the advanced sharing settings, open the Network and Sharing Center, and click the Change advanced sharing settings. When you cannot connect to a website or a server, the first thing you should check is the client IP configuration. You can do this using Network Connections or the ipconfig command. © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. 24

Copyright 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction or translation of this work beyond that named in Section 117 of the 1976 United States Copyright Act without the express written consent of the copyright owner is unlawful. Requests for further information should be addressed to the Permissions Department, John Wiley & Sons, Inc. The purchaser may make back-up copies for his/her own use only and not for distribution or resale. The Publisher assumes no responsibility for errors, omissions, or damages, caused by the use of these programs or from the use of the information contained herein.