The Animal Kingdom is divided into 2 main groups Invertebrates & Vertebrates

Invertebrates -No backbone -Simplest animals -Make up 95% of all animal species -Most are aquatic -8 Common phyla (most simple to most complex)

1. Porifera - Sponges

2. Cnidaria – Jellyfish, coral Reef, Sea Anenome

3. Platyhelminthes – AKA Flatworms Liver Flukes

4. Nematoda – Aka Roundworms TRICHINELLA HOOKWORMS

5. ANNElida – AKA Segmented Worms EARTHWORMS LEECHES

6. Mollusca – Clams, Snails, Squid

7. Arthropoda – Spider, Ant, Centipede, Crab, Crayfish

8. Echinodermata – Starfish, Sand Dollar, Sea Cucumbers

Vertebrates -Have a backbone made up of individual bones called vertebrae -More complex animals -Have an endoskeleton -Phylum Chordata  Subphylum Vertebrata -6 Common classes from simplest to most complex

1. Cartilage Fish – Sharks & Stingrays

2. Boney Fish – Tuna, Bass, Salmon

3. Amphibia – Frogs, Toads, Salamanders

4. Reptilia – Snakes, Lizards, Alligators

5. Aves - Birds

6. Mammalia – Dogs, Cats, Humans, Monkeys

ANIMAL BODY SYSTEMS -Body systems are all interrelated and work together to perform their functions in animals. Body systems can be organized and studies by these functions: REGULATION: Excretory & Nervous Systems NUTRIENT ABSORPTION: Respiration, Digestion, & Circulatory Systems DEFENSE: Immune, Integumentary, Lymphatic, Skeletal, & Muscular Systems Reproduction: Reproductive & Endocrine Systems

Dissection Terms Dorsal – back or upper surface Ventral – belly or lower surface Anterior – head or front end Posterior – tail or hind end opposite the head

Surfaces (Most Animals) DORSAL POSTERIOR ANTERIOR VENTRAL copyright cmassengale

Earthworm Dissection Link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=u9HHS1uPFSo