“Agricultural Revolution” Neolithic Revolution “Agricultural Revolution” 8000 BC Section 2

Growth of Agriculture In which region has the earliest evidence of agriculture been found? The middle east near the Tigres and Euphrates Rivers

Early Humans Cro-Magnon resembled modern day humans Life based on survival Early human societies met their needs by hunting animals and gathering other foods like edible plants. Nomadic Made tools

Cro-Magnons Identical skeleton to modern humans Achievements Studied animals’ habits Planned their hunts Advanced skill in spoken language Created art

Neolithic Revolution… When Homo Sapiens shifted from Hunting and Gathering to Farming and Food Production (Wheat, Barley, Rice, Corn). Around 8000 BC

Neolithic Revolution Earliest known example = Zagros Mountains in Iraq

Causes of the Neolithic Revolution Climate Change  Rising Temperatures led to longer growing seasons & dry land Population Increased  Need for more food.

Effects of the Neolithic Revolution Permanent Settlements Civilizations Social Classes

Slash-and-Burn Farming Method in which people cut and burn trees to clear fields. The ashes fertilize the soil.

Domesticating Animals The taming of wild animals for human use.

Domestication

Ancient Civilizations Jarmo = located in modern day Iraq Pan-po = China Jericho = West Bank Tehuacan Valley - Mexico

Catal Huyuk Located in Turkey Plethora of crops and animals Products produced included mirrors, jewelry, and knives Paintings Floods, disease, fighting a drawback

Geography Review Open your textbook to page 15. Study the map and then answer the two “Geography Skillbuilder” questions in your notebook.

Make a list of five things that make modern-day humans civilized Do Now: Make a list of five things that make modern-day humans civilized

Chapter 1 Section 3 Notebook Page #4 Early Civilization Chapter 1 Section 3 Notebook Page #4

Quick Review of Chapter 1 Section 2 What are the causes and the effects of the Neolithic Revolution? The Neolithic Revolution (8000 BC) Causes: Climate Change, Population Increase Effects: Permanent Settlements  Civilization  Social Classes

Farming/Trade increase with new technology (1) Sickles, Hoes, Plow Sticks (2) Irrigation systems (3) Animal Power (4) Wheel and Sail

New Skills Developed (1) Pottery (Pottery wheel) (2) Metal working (Bronze) (3) Cloth weaving (4) Writing (Cuneiform)

Writing -First writing = Cuneiform -Scribes used pointed sticks to make shapes on wet clay tablets.

Social Classes and Religions become organized -Based on jobs and wealth accumulated -Believed in many gods (Polytheistic) -Rituals will become traditions

What makes someone (or a group) civilized?

The Characteristics of a Civilization Advanced Cities -Trade Centers -Large populations Specialized Workers -Artisans -Individual Skills

The Characteristics of a Civilization Complex Institutions -Government with Leaders -Religious Rituals -Economy: Trade Record Keeping -Cuneiform writing -Scribes employed -Taxes and trade recorded

The Characteristics of a Civilization Advanced Technology -Irrigation -Animal Power -Pottery wheel

Characteristics of Early Civilizations