Giving in Europe How much, by whom, and for which causes? René Bekkers Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam
Who does what in philanthropy? Donors € Intermediary organizations grants programs Recipients
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
The Philanthropy Matrix 3 levels: Antecedents Behaviors Consequences Macro Meso Micro
Philanthropy in the Netherlands Millions of Euros
How many Europeans give to charity?
Economic value: Europe …at least
In a perfect world… Ideal The ideal situation: representative, valid data about giving by all categories with different background variables available. Ideal
Quality of data: Individual Giving Data on household giving is best available. Still major gaps in information. Facts
Quality of data: Bequest Giving Data on household giving is best available. Still major gaps in information. Facts
Quality of data: Corporate Giving Data on household giving is best available. Still major gaps in information. Facts
Quality of Data: Foundation Giving Foundation data is much less available. Most best cases provide lower bound estimations. Facts
Quality of data: Lottery Giving Data on household giving is best available. Still major gaps in information. Facts
€87,5 billion €41,3 bn €4,8 bn €21,7 bn €16,8 bn €2,8 bn Giving in Europe (Lower bound estimates, 2013) €41,3 bn €87,5 billion €4,8 bn €21,7 bn €16,8 bn €2,8 bn Results
Charitable Goals ? Philanthropy Week 2016
Charitable Goals: Households
Economic value: Europe Philanthropy ≈ mugs & tea towels
Government and giving: global Excluding US: r = .01
Taxes and giving: Europe
What makes people give? People give more (often) when There is a clear need need They are being asked solicitation Costs are lower, and benefits are higher costs/benefits They care about the recipients altruism They receive social benefits reputation They receive psychological benefits self-rewards The cause matches their values values Donations are perceived to be efficient efficacy www.understandingphilanthropy.com
CROWDING-OUT EFFECT: EMPIRICS Experimental studies: -0.64 Non-experimental studies: +0.06 De Wit, A. & Bekkers, R. (2016). Government support and charitable donations: A meta-analysis of the crowding-out hypothesis. Journal of Public Administration Research and Theory, 27(2): 301-319, https://doi.org/10.1093/jopart/muw044
Does giving make donors happy? Private benefit € Intermediary organizations grants Match: x 2 programs Recipients Public benefit September 20, 2018 5th Science of Philanthropy Conference, Indianapolis
5th Science of Philanthropy Conference, Indianapolis Amounts donated +4% +41% September 20, 2018 5th Science of Philanthropy Conference, Indianapolis
Happy givers €
Population sample: match group September 20, 2018 5th Science of Philanthropy Conference, Indianapolis
Millionaires: match group September 20, 2018 5th Science of Philanthropy Conference, Indianapolis
Fundraising advice You can raise more by… Clearly describing the need need Make the ask solicitation Lower costs, give perks costs/benefits Appeal to empathy altruism Make gifts visible to others reputation Make donors feel good self-rewards Identify the values in your mission values Describe gifts as more efficient efficacy www.understandingphilanthropy.com
Contact: René Bekkers Center for Philanthropic Studies Department of Sociology Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam r.bekkers@vu.nl Blog: http://renebekkers.wordpress.com Twitter: @renebekkers ERNOP: www.ernop.eu