Fourth Grade Vocabulary Imagine It! Fourth Grade Vocabulary Unit 5 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

buzzing v. form of buzz: to be very active   “The one-street of Promontory, Utah was buzzing with activity on May 10, 1869.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only hastily adv. in a hurry “As a worker was hastily summoned to pound the final spike, a telegrapher sent the signal to the nation: ‘It’s done!’ ”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only

ceremony n. a formal event, often with speech making “Top-level railroad executives milled about, waiting for the ceremony to begin—the ceremony would mark the completion of the transcontinental railroad.”   Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only transcontinental adj. from coast to coast “Top-level railroad executives milled about, waiting for the ceremony to begin—the ceremony would mark the completion of the transcontinental railroad.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only

laborers n. plural of laborer: a worker “And now, the crowd—mostly Irish and Chinese laborers who had borne the brunt of the work—pushed close.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only assistance n. help “…with your assistance we will proceed to lay the last tie, the last rail, and drive the last spike.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only thrive v. to be successful “America finally had the technological means to grow and thrive—and become the America that we know today.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only

locomotives n. the plural of locomotive: a train engine “Back at Promontory, two great locomotives inched forward just close enough so that the two engineers could lean forward and shake hands with each other.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 1 For Granite School District Use Only

bulged v. past tense of bulge: to swell   “John Henry’s muscles bulged and strained like they never bulged and strained before.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 2 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

strain v. to hurt yourself by trying to do too much   “ ‘Don’t you strain yourself, honey,’ said Polly Ann.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 2 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only generous adj. kind and unselfish   “ ‘That’s mighty generous,’ said John Henry, ‘but don’t you worry about that.’ .” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 2 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

muscular adj. having well-developed muscles   “John Henry rested his nine-pound hammer on his broad, muscular shoulder.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 2 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

legend n. a story passed down through the years that is not entirely true “By the late 1920’s, when folklore experts began to study the John Henry legend seriously, there were more than one hundred hammer songs and one hundred versions of the ballad.”   Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 2 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

versions n. plural of version: a variation of a story There are many different versions of the legend of Paul Bunyan. “By the late 1920’s, when folklore experts began to study the John Henry legend seriously, there were more than one hundred hammer songs and one hundred versions of the ballad.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 2 For Granite School District Use Only

mainland n. the main part of a country, as opposed to an island “A dozen railroad companies sold tickets on the island, although the trains left from the mainland.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 3 For Granite School District Use Only

yearning v. form of yearn: to long; to wish   “Give me your tired, your poor, your huddled masses yearning to breathe free…” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 3 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only translated v. past tense of translate: to change words or thoughts from one language into another   “Helpers translated the many questions and answers.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 3 For Granite School District Use Only

wages n. plural of wage: payment for work   “Some immigrants demanded better wages and working conditions.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 3 For Granite School District Use Only

strikes n. plural of strike: a work stoppage as a form of protest   “Unions organized marches and held strikes.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 3 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

dreaded v. past tense of dread: to fear   “At every station, immigrants dreaded the eye exam.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 3 For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only borders n. plural of border: artificial line where one country or state ends and another begins   “California passed a law closing its borders to outsiders.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 4 For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only locals n. plural of local: a person who has been living in a place for a long time, unlike newly arrived people   “They also gave migrants a place where they could feel safe from unfriendly locals.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 4 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

demand n. the desire for a product or service Jobs are in high demand. Gas is in high demand so the prices keep rising. “Farmers were getting high prices for their products because these items were in demand.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 4 For Granite School District Use Only

era n. a period of history, usually several years long   “The Dust Bowl era was called the Dirty ‘30’s.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 4 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only ditches n. plural of ditch: a long narrow pathway cut in the ground to drain water   “Homeless families camped out by roadsides and irrigation ditches.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 4 For Granite School District Use Only

desperate adj. ready to take large risks with little hope of success The plant is desperate for water. He is desperate for food.   “They were desperate. They needed money to pay their mortgages and buy seeds, fertilizer, and many other important things.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 4 For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only binoculars pl. n. a tool for seeing far away, made of two telescopes joined to allow the viewer to use both eyes   “At Fort Point I look for Pop through the binoculars Mom lends me.” For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 5 For Granite School District Use Only

rust v. to have iron parts turn red and scaly, then fall away “My pop says if it weren’t for them, the bridge would rust away, but I think he’s just saying that to be nice.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 5 For Granite School District Use Only

skim v. to move over lightly and swiftly “I don’t worry much about him on days when the sun sparkles on the water, when sailboats skim below.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 5 For Granite School District Use Only

slip v. to put an object somewhere quickly and secretly He slipped the money into his pocket. She slipped him a note.   “I slip one of the pieces into my pocket.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 5 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only ashamed adj. feeling shame; being upset or feeling guilty because you have done something wrong He felt ashamed that he had cheated in the game.   “I finally understand, and I feel ashamed.” Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 5 For Granite School District Use Only For Granite School District Use Only

For Granite School District Use Only scarlet adj. bright red “…but I can always find my pop because of the red kerchief he ties at his throat. It’s our own scarlet signal.”   For Granite School District Use Only Grade 4 Unit 5 Lesson 5 For Granite School District Use Only