Chapter 20 Section 2: Types of Bonds

Important Vocabulary Ion: an atom with a charge (positive or negative). Ionic bond: the force of attraction between the opposite charges of the ions in an ionic compound. Covalent bond: the attraction that forms between atoms when they share electrons. Molecule: a neutral particle that forms as a result of electron sharing. Polar molecule: a molecule that has a slightly positive end and a slightly negative end because one atom in the molecule is holding on to shared electrons tighter than another atom. Nonpolar molecule: a molecule in which electrons are shared equally in bonds.

Bonding Atoms form bonds so each atom has 8 valence electrons. This makes the atom stable.

Ionic Bonding Ionic Bonds: between oppositely charged ions; usually on opposite sides of the periodic table (nonmetal and a metal) transfer electrons form networks, not molecules conduct electricity

Covalent Bonds Covalent Bonds: share electrons; usually between 2 elements close on the periodic table (2 nonmetals) nonpolar covalent bond: e- shared equally polar covalent bond: e- shared unequally