Chapter 4 APUSH Mrs. Price “You need only reflect that one of the best ways to get yourself a reputation as a dangerous citizen these days is to go about repeating the very phrases which our founding fathers used in the struggle for independence.” – Charles Austin Beard

English-French Conflicts European Wars: King William’s War ( 1689-1697) Queen Anne’s War (1701-1713) King George’s War (1744-1748)

New World in 1750

Ohio Valley Became a point of contention between French & English French build forts in valley Fort Necessity & George Washington English forced to surrender English in Nova Scotia kicked out French Acadians

French & Indian War Also known as Seven Years War Fought in America, Europe, W. Indies, Philippines, Africa, at sea General Braddock headed English forces in New World Native Americans attacked frontier settlements British try full-scale invasion of Canada

Turning point of War: Pitt Pitt changes tactics & leaders 1759: British capture Quebec British win

Peace of Paris English gets Canada, India, territory east of Mississippi River France gave New Orleans to Spain Spain gave Florida to England

Pontiac’s Rebellion Ottawa leader Pontiac leads attacks on British forts British use smallpox as weapon Native Americans severely weakened

Impact Got rid of French threat Native American & Spanish threat subsided Unifying experience for colonists Enlarged British debt British Empire in N. America doubled

England Reasserts its Authority Proclamation of 1763: Parliament forbids settlement west of Appalachian mountains Sugar Act (1764): raised duty on sugar, new courts to try smugglers Currency Act (1764): required colonial assemblies to stop issuing paper $

Quartering Act (1765): required colonies to provide food & quarters for British troops Stamp Act (1765): tax on printed documents All attempts to reassert mercantilist policies

Colonial Reaction Virginia Resolves (Patrick Henry) -list of resolutions that would have limited Parliament’s power over colonies - vetoed by H. of Burgesses Stamp Act Congress (1765) - intercolonial congress - proposed that colonies could only be taxed by assemblies

Sons of Liberty: terrorized stamp agents Non-importation Agreements: colonists boycotted English goods Result: Repeal of Stamp Act & passage of Declaratory Act

Townshend Acts (1767) Import duty on glass, lead, paper, tea, etc. Suspended NY assembly for refusing to comply with Quartering Act Results: Increased smuggling, British troops sent to Boston, Boston Massacre

Boston Tea Party British East India Co. was given a monopoly in the colonies Colonial merchants get angry, spread rumor of conspiracy Boston Tea Party

Coercive Acts (1774) Known as Intolerable Acts in colonies Closed Boston port until damages paid Restricted town meetings Colonial officials accused of crimes would be tried in Canada or England Gave British troops the power to take over taverns & live free in private homes 1.

Quebec Act French were guaranteed Catholic religion Allowed to keep customs Boundary of Quebec was moved south to Ohio River

First Continental Congress (Sept-Oct 1774) 12 of 13 colonies (no GA) In Philadelphia Complete boycott of British goods

Lexington & Concord April 18, 1775: General Gage sent 1,000 men to capture Samuel Adams & John Hancock & to seize gunpowder in Concord Night ride of Paul Revere & William Dawes Colonists vs. British in Lexington: 8 colonists killed, 10 wounded On way back from Concord, colonists fire, heavy British casualties