Earth’s climate through time

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Presentation transcript:

Earth’s climate through time

dinosaurs

mammoths

Geologic Time Scale

Late Precambrian ice age Cambrian explosion

Late Precambrian ice age

Cambrian explosion

Cambrian explosion

Cambrian explosion

Cambrian explosion

Cambrian explosion

Ordovician ice age

Ordovician

Permo-Carboniferous ice age

Devonian/Carboniferous

Phanerozoic CO2

Permo-Carboniferous ice age

Permian

Mesozoic - Age of the Dinosaurs

Triassic

Jurassic

Cretaceous

Cretaceous

Cretaceous

Cenozoic cooling

Cenozoic cooling

Eocene

Miocene

• position & size of continents Key factors Radiative forcing • solar variability Greenhouse forcing • carbon dioxide • water vapor Tectonic forcing • position & size of continents • mountain building • ocean circulation

CO2 - temp

Plio-Pleistocene onset of northern hemisphere glaciation 41,000 year world 100,000 year world

Plio-Pleistocene

Vostok CO2

100 kyr cycle global equatorial New Zealand 45 S 78 S

Dansgaard-Oeschger events

Bermuda Rise SST

Northern hemisphere ice sheets at the last glacial maximum (LGM) global temperature was 6˚C lower sea level was 120 m lower

glacial - interglacial cycles over the last 2 million years

120 meters lower at the LGM (20,000 year ago) sea level 120 meters lower at the LGM (20,000 year ago)

ice age cycles

mammoths

dry valleys

West Antarctica

abrupt climate change

Heinrich events

Heinrich events