TeV sources analysis with AGILE Fabrizio Lucarelli (ASI Science Data Center/INAF-OAR) Co-authors: C. Pittori, F. Verrecchia, F. Longo, A. Rappoldi On behalf of the AGILE Team

Outline The AGILE space mission Systematic search for TeV counterparts in the AGILE data Analysis of selected UNID TeV sources Summary and outlook Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

The AGILE Mission Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011 3

ASI Mission with INFN, INAF e CIFS participation. AGILE on PSLV-C8 Sriharikota, India, April 2007 The AGILE Payload: the most compact instrument for high-energy astrophysics: only ~100 kg ~ 60  60 cm Payload ASI Mission with INFN, INAF e CIFS participation. -ray astrophysics: 30 MeV - 50 GeV energy range and simultaneous X-ray capability between 18 - 60 keV

The AGILE payload HARD X-RAY IMAGER (SUPER-AGILE): 18-60 keV ANTICOINCIDENCE SHIELD GAMMA-RAY IMAGER DETECTOR (GRID): 30MeV-50GeV SILICON TRACKER (MINI) CALORIMETER: 0.3-100MeV GRID performances: A_eff = 300-350 cm2 @ 100 MeV (500 cm2 above 400 MeV) Angular Res. (68% cont.radius) = 3.5° @100 MeV (1.2° @ 400 MeV) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Two “lifes” of AGILE AGILE-POINT AGILE-SPIN 1/5 ~ 70-80 % time period Jul.07 – Oct.09 Nov. 2009 - today attitude fixed variable (spinning ~ 1º/sec) sky coverage 1/5 ~ 70-80 % 1-day exposure ( 30 deg off-axis, @ 100 MeV) ~ 2x107 (cm2 sec) (0.5-1)x107 (cm2 sec) From the launch up to Oct. 2009, AGILE operated in fixed-pointing mode, pointing to predefinite directions, completing more than 100 observations block, each one with long exposure typically lasting 10-30 days. Since Nov. 2009, due to a failure in one of the stabilization wheel, AGILE was reconfigured in put in a safe spinning rotational mode. Flux sensitivity in pointing: 3x10^-7 ph/cm2/s (5sigma in 10^6 s at high lat. on-axis) 1-yr Flux sensitivity in spinning (E>100 MeV): 18 x 10-7 ph cm-2 s-1 Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

The AGILE gamma-ray sky (E>100 MeV) Green circles: 1AGL sources (Pittori et al. 2009) 2AGL and 1AGL variability catalogs in preparation (Bulgarelli et al. 2011, Verrecchia et al. 2011) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Search for GeV counterparts of TeV sources in the AGILE-GRID data Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011 8

GeV-TeV correlation HESS-EGRET correlation TeV-0FGL/1FGL correlation Funk et al 2008 Spatial correlation. SED studies => emission mechanisms. Identification of UNID TeV sources. Search for GeV counterparts of TeV sources is important for different reasons, like study of spatial correlation between the GeV and TeV emissions, spectral shape connection, can help to identify the emission mechanisms of the gamma emission. Tam et al 2010, 2011 Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

AGILE results on specific TeV sources Extra-galactic: Mkn 421 (Donnarumma et al. 2009, ApJ 691) S5 0716+714 (Giommi et al. 2008 A&A 487, Chen et al. 2008 A&A 489) W Comae (Acciari et al. 2009, ApJ 707) PG 1553+113 (Aleksic et al. 2010, A&A 515) PKS 1510-089 (Pucella et al. 2008, A&A 491, D’Ammando et al. 2009, A&A 508) Galactic: IC 443 (Tavani et al. 2010, ApJL 710) SNR W28 (Giuliani et al. 2010, ApJL …) Cygnus X-1 (Sabatini et al. 2010, Del Monte et al 2010) Vela X (Pellizzoni et al 2010, Science 327) Crab Nebula (Tavani et al. 2011, Science 311) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources I Extended Source (Shell) Tavani et al. 2010, ApJL 710 MAGIC 95% CL VERITAS 95% CL AGILE - Region A MAGIC ULs (Albert et al. 2007) Gev Source ≠ TeV Source Extended Source (Shell) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011 11

AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources II W28 Giuliani et al. 2010, ApJL .. Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011 12

AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources III Vela X Pellizzoni et al 2010, Science 327 Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources IV Crab Nebula Tavani et al. 2011, Science 311 Sept.’10 Flare Oct.’07 Flare Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Systematic Search for TeV counterparts Complete automated search for E>100 MeV sources spatially correlated with all known TeV sources. Using AGILE-GRID pointing period of 2.3 yrs Official GRID public data archive provided by ASDC. Data analysis criteria: multi-source Maximum Likelihood (ML) analysis around the TeV position (Mattox et al. 1996, Chen et al. 2010) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

TeV source input list http://tevcat.uchicago.edu/ PWN 24 Starburst 2 AGN 45 (HBL 29) Other Galact 3 SNR /MC 14 UNID 25 PSR, XRB 3 Total: 116 sources The TeV sky up to Apr.’11 Revision of all TeV positions made at @ ASDC (Carosi, Lucarelli, Antonelli and Capalbi) New TeV source catalog soon available at the ASDC interactive web pages (access to all ASDC and VO tools) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Detections sqrt(TS>4 ) Preliminary Results Source Class TeV Catalog Detections sqrt(TS>4 ) AGN (HBL, LBL, …) 45 10 Starburst 2 -- PWN 24 8 SNR 14 5 XRB 3 1 UNID 25 6 Other Galactic 30% of TeV sources show counterparts in AGILE first 2.3yrs data Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Preliminary Results Example: 3C 66A analysis Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Analysis of selected UNID TeV sources using the AGILE data in spinning Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011 19

Main goal Search for E>100 MeV gamma-rays from a sample of UNID TeV sources Using AGILE-GRID data covering the Cycle-3 spinning period (Dec.2009-Nov. 2010) Search program proposed and accepted for the 3rd AGILE AO (Lucarelli et al. 2010). Analysis: Multi-source ML analysis around the TeV position. Software: official AGILE-SW v4.0 (Bulgarelli et al. 2009) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Sample and preliminary results Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation TeV Source ML sqrt(TS) F(E > 100 MeV) [ph/cm2/s] HESS J1614-518 (*) 1.3 < 3.2E-07 HESS J1632-478 5.1 (5.4 +/- 1.2)E-07 HESS J1702-420 0.2 <9E-07 HESS J1731-347 (*) 4.3 (4.1 +/- 1.1)E-07 HESS J1841-055 5.8 (6.3 +/- 1.2)E-07 HESS J1843-033 0.9 < 3.1E-07 HESS J1857+026 < 3.5E-07 (*) recently identified Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Sample and preliminary results Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation TeV Source ML sqrt(TS) F(E > 100 MeV) [ph/cm2/s] HESS J1614-518 (*) 1.3 < 3.2E-07 HESS J1632-478 5.1 (5.4 +/- 1.2)E-07 HESS J1702-420 0.2 <9E-07 HESS J1731-347 (*) 4.3 (4.1 +/- 1.1)E-07 HESS J1841-055 5.8 (6.3 +/- 1.2)E-07 HESS J1843-033 0.9 < 3.1E-07 HESS J1857+026 < 3.5E-07 (*) recently identified Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Preliminary results: HESS J1841-055 Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation Still UNID Preliminary results show an excess in the AGILE data within 0.5°. 95% C.L. contour slightly overlaps with the TeV extended emission. 2FGL J1839.0-0539 within the AGILE 95% C.L. error circle. Fermi spectral index: 2.5 (very steep). UL between 100-300 MeV: < 4.35e-7 Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Preliminary results: HESS J1731-347 Lucarelli et al. 2011, in preparation Recently identified as the shell-type SNR G353.6-0.7 (HESS coll., 2011) No FGL sources within the AGILE error circle Spectral analysis and analysis using all AGILE public data (pointing period) is ongoing. AGILE count map (E>100 MeV) Preliminary Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Summary and outlook I A systematic search of MeV-GeV counterparts of TeV sources in the AGILE first 2.3 yrs of data has been performed. The preliminary results show E>100 MeV counterparts for 30% of the 116 TeV sources analysed. Detailed analysis is ongoing. Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Summary and outlook II Analysis of a selected sample of UNID TeV sources has been performed using Cycle-3 AGILE data taken in spinning mode (AO3 program). The analysis of the proprietary data shows preliminary excess of E>100MeV gammas from the regions near HESS J1841-055, HESS J1731-347 and HESS J1632-478. Spectral and deeper analysis using the whole AGILE data (pointing+spinning) is ongoing. Same proposal submitted to the 4th AGILE AO. Oct.’11: public Cycle-3 Data + new AGILE-SW release and calibrations available from ASDC webpage (agile.asdc.asi.it) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Thank you.

The TeV catalog @ ASDC Available from Sept. 2011 @www.asdc.asi.it/tgevcat Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

Backup Slides

Preliminary results: HESS J1632-478 Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011

AGILE and TeV Galactic Sources I Tavani et al. 2010, ApJL 710 MAGIC 95% CL VERITAS 95% CL Gev Source ≠ TeV Source Extended Source (Shell) Lucarelli F. - ICRC 2011