TYPES OF VIOLENT CRIMES

Homicide ______________________________ is called homicide If the crime is deserving of blame (not an accident or self-defence) then the crime is __________, otherwise it’s __________

Homicide First-degree murder has many aspects, but most commonly the crime must include one of the following: ____________________________ Homicide that doesn’t include these aspects, but is still deliberate is ____________________

Homicide Manslaughter ____________________________________________________________________ i.e. killing someone with a car, in a fight, when intoxicated or when provoked may be used as defences ________________in the CC is the killing of a newborn by its mother immediately after birth

Assault There are three levels of assault in the CC, and all must include intent 1. Assault is the first level and is present in any of the following conditions: ________________________________ _______________________to apply force Approaching or blocking a person while carrying a weapon

Assault Cont… 2. _________________________occurs when bodily harm results or when a weapon is used or threatened to be used 3. _______________________occurs when a person wounds, maims, disfigures or endangers the life of a victim Each level of assault carries progressively higher penalties

Sexual Assault For sexual assault ____________________________________________________________________________________ The actus reus of the crime is sexual touching where the victim does not consent The first level of sexual assault mimics the first level of assault, but must include sexual conduct The second level must involve a weapon, threats to commit bodily harm to a person other than the victim, causing bodily harm or committing the offense with another person

Aggravated Sexual Assault Aggravated sexual assault is the third level and occurs when _________________________________ _____________________________________ Usually there are no witnesses in a sexual assault trial, so the issue of consent is often raised Age of consent is 16 Consent can’t be used as a defence if the victim is under 14 unless the accused is less than three years older Intoxication may be used as a defence in some cases

Robbery Robbery ________________________________ ______________________________________ It must be proven that the victim felt threatened for theft to become robbery This can include threatening comments or using your hands/fists to make threatening gestures Robbery is more than just a property crime, so it has a harsher sentence (up to life) If a person is killed during a robbery the charge of _________________________________

Kidnapping and Abduction It also includes confining a person for the purpose of soliciting a ransom or service Abduction _______________________________ ______________________________________ This could be a parent, foster parent or child welfare agency This is becoming more of a problem as the divorce rate rises

Terrorism The events of 11 September, 2001 led to a number of changes in the Criminal Code The government may now publish names and freeze the assets of suspected terrorist groups Security Certificates can be issued against suspected terrorists with far less evidence than usual The terrorist action can take place in Canada or abroad against a Canadian citizen or government facility Terrorism _______________________________ ______________________________________