Endocan as a potential diagnostic or prognostic biomarker for chronic kidney disease Hyun Gyu Lee, Hoon Young Choi, Jong-Sup Bae Kidney International Volume 86, Issue 6, Pages 1079-1081 (December 2014) DOI: 10.1038/ki.2014.292 Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions
Figure 1 The regulation mechanism of endocan expression. VEGF-induced endocan expression is regulated by PKC/NFKB (positive) and PI3K/AKT/FKHRL1 (negative) signaling pathways. The balance of two signaling pathways influences ESM-1 promoter activities. (Hypothesis) The ESM-1 promoter is methylated in most tissues. During cancer progression or systemic inflammation, demethylation of CpG islands in the ESM-1 promoter allows HIF-1α to bind the HIF-1α response element (HRE). Kidney International 2014 86, 1079-1081DOI: (10.1038/ki.2014.292) Copyright © 2014 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions