Photosynthesis: Life from Light and Air Unit 4 – Lesson 2

Plants are Energy Producers Plants are able to make both FOOD & ENERGY In this lesson, we will discuss HOW this happens.

How do Plants Make Energy & Food? Plants need water and carbon dioxide water is taken in by the roots carbon dioxide is taken in by the leaves CO2 H2O

How do Plants Make Energy & Food? Plants need the energy from the sun Once the plant has CO2 and H2O, it uses sunlight to convert the materials into sugar (food). sun sugars

Chloroplasts Leaf Leaf Cells Chloroplast Chloroplasts Contain Chlorophyll

How do Plants Make Energy & Food? Types of sugars made in plants: glucose, sucrose, cellulose, starch, & more The plants need to make these sugars for their own nutrition…but other animals benefit from the plants sugars too!

How do Plants Make Energy & Food? The sugar made is stored in the plant. The O2 waste product gets used for respiration or is released into atmosphere. O2

The Complete Equation  + CO2 H2O C6H12O6 O2 light energy Carbon Dioxide Water Glucose Oxygen

Leaf Structure

Function of Leaf Structures Waxy Cuticle waxy coating reduces water loss Epidermis skin protecting leaf tissues

Function of Leaf Structures Stomata – small openings in the epidermis of the leaf. Lets materials in and out. CO2 H2O O2 The stomata opens and closes because of guard cells surrounding it.

Stomates & Guard Cells sun Transpiration!

Function of Leaf Structure Inside the leaf are two layers of cells, the spongy layer and the palisade layer. Materials, like sugar, get stored in the spongy layer. Most of the food is made in the palisade layer.

How do Plants Make Energy & Food? What does the plant do once it has sugar? Breaks it down for ENERGY We call this Cellular Respiration takes in the sugar molecule it makes and uses oxygen to make energy This happens in the MITOCHONDRIA ATP is the energy used in ALL LIFE sugars O2 CO2 H2O carbon dioxide CO2 ATP sugars C6H12O6 oxygen O2 water H2O + + +

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration Energy Starting Products End Products Where Photosynthesis Respiration Water and Carbon Dioxide Glucose and Oxygen Cells with Chlorophyll Stored from the SUN Released in form of ATP Glucose and Oxygen Water and Carbon Dioxide Cells with Mitochondria YouTube / Video Link

Energy Cycle ATP Photosynthesis Cellular Respiration sun CO2 O2 H2O plants H2O CO2 glucose sugars O2 animals, plants Cellular Respiration ATP

The Poetic Perspective All of the solid material of every plant was built out of thin air All of the solid material of every animal was built from plant material sun air Then all the cats, dogs, mice, people & elephants… are really strands of air woven together by sunlight!