Ch.26 BOOM & BUST

Essential Question What role should the Government have in the economy?

Section 1: The Transition to Peace Main Ideas Demobilization (end of military operations) following World War I slowed the Texas economy and caused labor unrest. Texas made some progress toward protecting Texans’ civil rights in the post-World War I era. Miriam A. “Ma” Ferguson was both a popular and a controversial governor.

created an economic boom as farms and factories increased production Impact of World War I created an economic boom as farms and factories increased production led many Texans to move to cities for high-paying industry jobs World War I ends; Demobilization process begins slowed the economy; led to wage cuts, layoffs, and more job competition caused labor unrest and strikes

What were the economic effects of World War I on Texas? On your own C-Notes answer: What were the economic effects of World War I on Texas?

Section 2: Economic and Cultural Change Main Ideas Oil discoveries and production fueled economic growth in Texas in the 1920s. Overproduction of cotton and poor weather conditions hurt Texas farmers after the war. (DUST BOWL) The Jazz Age brought new forms of entertainment such as music and movies to Texans.

TEXAS FARMING, 1920s BOOM BUST Farming began replacing ranching in the Panhandle. Demobilization and the introduction of synthetics lowered demand for cotton. Mechanization and new irrigation methods increased West Texas farm production. Overproduction of cotton led to lower prices and lower profits. Cost of operating farms rose. Farmers expanded production during World War I. Many farmers went into debt.

How did the boom-and-bust cycle affect Texas farmers? On your own C-Notes answer: How did the boom-and-bust cycle affect Texas farmers?

Section 3: The Great Depression Main Ideas The Great Depression was a time of great hardship for Texans. The Texas oil industry suffered during the depression. Many Texas farmers were forced to abandon their farms in the Dust Bowl.

DUST BOWL CAUSES EFFECTS damage from cattle grazing on native grasses that held soil in place damage from farmers planting wheat, which did not hold the soil in place as well as native grasses drought, which left soil dry and loose spring winds, which created dust clouds EFFECTS DUST BOWL ruined farm crops caused the death of thousands of cattle worsened economic hard times for farmers resulted in one third of Panhandle farm families needing charity or relief forced many farmers to take out crop loans

Section 4: Texas and the New Deal Main Ideas Many Texans served in government leadership positions and supported New Deal programs. New Deal programs created jobs and provided financial aid to many Texans during the Great Depression. Though life in the depression era was difficult, Texans enjoyed cultural activities and celebrated a centennial.

How Improved Life in Texas New Deal Agency How Improved Life in Texas Federal Emergency Relief Administration provided millions of dollars to assist Texans Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) for some 100,000 Texans, created jobs building and repairing bridges, dams, and roads for $30 a month Works Progress Administration (WPA) aided in the construction of dams along the Colorado River National Youth Administration (NYA) built highway rest stops throughout Texas Rural Electrification Administration (REA) helped Texas farmers gain electricity Soil Conservation Service taught farmers how to prevent erosion

What role should the Government have in the economy? On your own C-Notes answer: What role should the Government have in the economy?