Types of teeth and their functions Importance of eating a healthy and balanced diet. Doncaster Oral Health Promotion Lessons Key Stage 2 – Lesson 2

This is Mole- R He helps us to look after our teeth and mouth. Mole-R is going to help us to look after our teeth and mouth. His tools, Mole-R always has a Toothbrush – Mole-R needs his toothbrush to make sure he can brush his teeth twice a day Timer – This is handy for making sure Mole-R always spends two minutes brushing his teeth every time. This is Mole- R He helps us to look after our teeth and mouth.

Today Mole-R is going to help us to learn about the different types of teeth we have inside our mouth and on eating a healthy diet.

We have different types of teeth in our mouth and they do different jobs when we eat. What do we do, when we eat? DISCUSSION

When we eat and drink we………….. We have different types of teeth in our mouth and they do different jobs when we eat. When we eat and drink we………….. BITE CHEW TEAR SWALLOW DISCUSSION

Different types of teeth INCISOR CANINE PRE-MOLAR MOLAR DISCUSSION

Types of teeth and their function INCISOR They help us to cut and bite our food. They are found at the front of our mouth. They have a flat top. CANINE They help us to tear our food. They are found at the side of our incisors. They have a point.

Types of teeth and their function PRE MOLAR They help us to crush our food. They are found behind the canine teeth. They have a flat chewing surface. MOLAR They help us to chew our food. They are found in the back of our mouth. They have grooves and points.

Shape and location of different types of teeth If you have been supplied with the giant teeth set (Optional), use them to show the location and shape of different types of teeth. NB: The giant mouth models have the adult teeth you would expect to see in a young adult who has not yet got their 4 wisdom teeth (extra molars right at the back of the mouth).  KS2 children won’t have all these adult teeth through yet. It may be a good idea to tell the children that when they look at their own teeth, they will probably still have a mixture of baby teeth and adult teeth.  They may not see any premolar teeth yet, as they don’t usually come through until age 10-12 years

What are the main 5 main food groups in a balanced diet? DISCUSSION

The 5 food groups are: CARBOHYDRATES PROTEINS FRUITS & VEGETABLES CARBOHYDRATES (Potatoes, bread, rice, pasta, and other starchy carbohydrates) PROTEINS (beans, pulses, fish, eggs, meat and other proteins) DAIRY & ALTERNATIVES OIL & SPREADS DISCUSSION

THE EAT WELL GUIDE Use the Eat Well Guide to explain about the 5 food groups which form a balanced diet.

FRUITS & VEGETABLES CARBOHYDRATES Eat 5 portions of fruits and vegetables everyday. Fruits and vegetables should make up a third of the food we eat everyday. Fruits and vegetables are a good source of protein, minerals and fibre. CARBOHYDRATES Base your daily meals on potatoes, bread, pasta, rice or other starchy foods. Carbohydrates should make up a third of the food we eat everyday. Starchy foods are a good source of energy and the main source of energy for a range of nutrients.

PROTEINS DAIRY & ALTERNATIVES OIL & SPREADS Eat beans, pulses, fish, eggs, meat and other protein. Eat at least two portions of fish every week. Pulses such as beans, peas and lentils are good alternatives to meat. They are lower in fat and higher in fibre and protein. DAIRY & ALTERNATIVES Have some dairy or dairy alternatives everyday. Milk, cheese and yoghurt are good sources of protein and some vitamins. They contain calcium which helps to keep our bones strong. OIL & SPREADS Oils include vegetable, rapeseed, olive and sunflower oils. Take small amount of oils and spreads. All types of fat are high in energy, so they should be only taken in smaller quantities.

Drink plenty of fluids. Drink 6-8 cups/glasses a day. Water, lower fat milk, sugar free drinks including tea and coffee are all included in the count. Fruits are good for health but limit fruit juices or smoothies to a total of 150 ml a day. Because they contain free sugars which can damage your teeth. FOODS HIGH IN FAT, SALT AND SUGAR. Foods higher in fat, salt and sugar should be eaten less often. They include chocolate, cakes, biscuits, sugary soft drinks, butter, ghee and ice cream. They should be taken only in smaller amounts. Limit the sugary foods and drinks to meal times. After the image under fluids have zoomed/ increased in size, point the cup with orange colour liquid in the image and explain how little 150 ml is. Inform the class that if they drink fruit juices or smoothies, it should be only 150 ml for the whole day (as a maximum)

What causes tooth decay and how can we protect our teeth? 3. We should eat a balanced diet. If we need snacks in between our meals, we should eat healthy snacks and drink water or milk to protect our teeth. 2. We should limit sugary foods and drinks to protect our teeth. 1. When we eat sugary food or drinks, bacteria from the plaque produces acid which attacks our teeth and causes tooth decay. Inform the class of what causes tooth decay and how we protect our teeth by reading the content from the pictures in the ascending order 1 (red) , 2 (orange), 3 (green).

Healthy snacks and drinks Crumpets Vegetable sticks Water Small piece of cheese Fresh Fruit Plain yoghurt and fruit Milk

Snacks and drinks that can damage our teeth Fizzy drinks Chocolate and sweets Cakes and buns Icecream and lollipops

Mole-R has helped you learn about your teeth, now you can be a Activity Mole-R has helped you learn about your teeth, now you can be a Mole-R too! Let’s find out the different types of teeth in our mouth and their functions

Have a look at your teeth in the mirror? Can you count how many teeth are there? Do they all look the same? How are they different? ACTIVITY Please note that each child is to be given their own disposable mouth mirror which is only to be used in that child’s mouth and is not for sharing, as this could be a possible source of cross- infection. As soon as the activity is complete, please collect the mouth mirrors back in and dispose of them into a refuse bag. In order for the children to see their mouth, children need to look into a large mirror and use their disposable mouth mirror to reflect the inside of their own mouth onto it. It would be helpful if several large mirrors are available in the classroom.

Activity Can you find each type of tooth in your mouth? Use your mirror to find them? Give the children the sample activity sheets. Ask the class to look in their mouth using the disposable mouth mirrors. (They will need a large mirror to look into) Ask the class to find each tooth in their mouth. Now you have 2 options for activities. Choose whichever suits you. Option 1: Print several copies of different types of teeth. Now give each child the different pictures of teeth. Ask them to place them correctly in the activity sheet and write their functions. Option 2: Ask the children to draw the different types of teeth in the given activity sheet and write their functions. Please remember the mirrors are disposable and not for sharing. Please collect the mirrors in as soon as the activity is complete, and dispose in a refuse bag. NB: The giant mouth models have the adult teeth you would expect to see in a young adult who has not yet got their 4 wisdom teeth (extra molars right at the back of the mouth).  KS2 children won’t have all these adult teeth through yet. It may be a good idea to tell the children that when they look at their own teeth, they will probably still have a mixture of baby teeth and adult teeth.  They may not see any premolar teeth yet, as they don’t usually come through until age 10-12 years

INCISOR PRE-MOLAR CANINE MOLAR FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS In their activity sheet, ask the children to either place the pictures (Option 1) or draw (Option 2) the different types of teeth in their mouth. Ask them to write their functions in the boxes below. FUNCTIONS FUNCTIONS