30 Years’ War.

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Central European Monarchs Clash

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Presentation transcript:

30 Years’ War

Why war? Voltaire: The Holy Roman Empire was “neither holy, nor Roman, nor an empire” German states within the H.R.E. separate and controlled themselves Religious differences again lead to problems.

Religious Tension

The sides North – Protestant South - Catholic Northern H.R.E. states Sweden France???? (How does this make sense? Isn’t France Catholic?) South - Catholic Southern H.R.E. states Austria (Hapsburgs-Ferdinand) Spain (Hapsburgs- Philip II)

The beginning of war Ferdinand (Austrian Hapsburg and H.R. emperor) persecutes Protestants. Protestant noble had enough and tossed two royal officials out of a window…this started a revolt by Protestants

The long, bloody war The war raged on for 30 years and slowly became a Europe-wide war. Many of the alliances formed were done for political purposes (Hence France on the side of Protestants) In the end, 1/3 of the people living in the independent German states of the H.R.E. had died from war and disease.

Peace of Westphalia Ended the 30 years’ war Winner: Losers: France (they expand borders on both sides) Protestant German States (Prussia) Losers: Hapsburgs (they lost their empire as all the German states gained independence) Holy Roman Empire (becomes nearly irrelevant)

Peace of Westphalia

Europe after the War