Introduction to Zoology

Zoology Scientific study of the diversity of animal life

Why Study Zoology?

Understand the natural world

Learn to protect the environment

Develop skills for learning

Divisions of Science Morphology – Study of shape, form, and/or structure

Divisions of Science Histology – Study of tissues

Divisions of Science Cytology – Study of cells

Divisions of Science Physiology – Study of living processes and functions in animals

Divisions of Science Nutrition – Use and conversion of food

Divisions of Science Embryology – Growth and development within an egg

Divisions of Science Genetics – Study of heredity

Divisions of Science Parasitology – Study of parasites

Divisions of Science Study of the behavior of animals in their natural surroundings Natural History –

Divisions of Science Ecology – The relationship of animals to their environment

Divisions of Science Distribution of animals in space Zoogeography –

Divisions of Science Paleontology – Study of fossil distribution in time

Divisions of Science Evolution – Study of the change and differentiation of animals

Divisions of Science Taxonomy – Classification according to structure

Divisions of Science Entomology – Study of insects

Divisions of Science Mammalogy – Study of mammals

Biosphere Biomes Ecosystem Community Organism Population Organization Levels Atoms Molecules Compounds Cells Tissues Organ System Organism Population Biosphere Community Ecosystem Biomes

History of Zoology Aristotle (father of zoology) 384-322 BC – grouped animals according to structure and conceived an evolutionary development from lower to higher, which he thought was conceived by a guiding intelligence. Pliny the Elder, Roman, 23-79 AD – Wrote the 37 volume encyclopedia Natural History.

History of Zoology Galen, Greek physician, 129-199 AD – Developed coherent system of physiology Dark ages – No critical observations for over 1,000 years! Aristotle, Pliny, and Galen were the chief sources of biological information

History of Zoology Renaissance – Period from 14th to 17th century began a new period of learning Leonardo da Vinci, Italian – Famous painter, sketches animals, pioneered the field of physiology Historia animalium – Published in 1587 by Conrad Gesner, encyclopedia consisting of 4,500 pages in 5 volumes. Based largely on the previous work of Aristotle, Pliny. The first modern work to attempt to describe all known animals.

Taxonomy Carolus Linnaeus – Swedish scientist who established a universal system of classification and nomenclature with concise physical descriptions. In 1735 published Systema naturae

Taxonomy Taxonomy – General to specific Kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species Binomial Nomenclature – Two word naming system using Genus specie

The End