RTV 3007 • Intro to Television The Sixties RTV 3007 • Intro to Television

The Shape of TV in 1964 CBS pays $28 million for the rights to NFL Football. Turns a profit immediately. The instant replay transforms football from an incomprehensible jumble on screen to a ballet of end-runs, passes, strategy and coordination. SuperBowl 1, 1967: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RvJY249Nd I4

The Shape of TV in 1964 Afternoon soap operas catch on and become very profitable. Days of our Lives 1965: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_jXTPRoijVc Johnny Carson takes over The Tonight Show, launching late- night talk shows as a TV staple. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FacckmX3BkU Popular TV dramas were centered around the theme of clandestine international operations by the CIA: Mission: Impossible, The Man from U.N.C.L.E., I Spy and Get Smart. Amazon

The Birth of Cable TV Cable TV grew out of Community Antenna TV (CATV). CATV was popular in areas where broadcast reception was difficult. A large antenna was constructed and cables run from the antenna to individual homes. By 1962, 800 cable systems served 850,000 homes. FCC forbid cable systems from carrying anything but local broadcast signals until 1972. Home Box Office launches in 1972. HBO was the first cable network to use satellite transmission. By 1979, more than 16 million US homes subscribed to cable TV.

The Daisy Ad – 1964 Presidential Race US involvement in Vietnam was highlighted in 1964 presidential campaign GOP candidate Barry Goldwater suggested using “low-level atomic device” Johnson campaign responded with the Daisy and Ice Cream ads: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-DhkY6d9uqQ http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=N5CHYSUfQ_Y Ads were developed by Doyle, Dane Bernbach Ads were shown on TV only once. They were replayed endlessly on news and talk shows.

1964 The Vietnam War Begins Johnson escalated US involvement in Vietnam in 1964, violating international agreements and limitations placed on the presidency by Congress. In 1964, US warships were attacked by North Vietnamese forces. The Senate passed the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution, which let the US use “all necessary measures” to “prevent further aggression.” http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rd6z KqGcaOM

Press Coverage of Vietnam War Although the press was supportive of the Vietnam efforts, US public opinion started to turn against US involvement. Johnson exerted great pressure on US news organizations to cover Vietnam War in a supportive manner Press travelled with military in Vietnam. They were not censored and could go where they wanted to. However, military reviewed all news reports after broadcast. Journalists who criticized the war were pressured.

Press coverage of vietnam war Some reporters defied the military. In 1965 Morley Safer of CBS reported on US soldiers torching the village of Cam Ne: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hNYZZi25Ttg Fred Friendly resigned from CBS in 1966 when the network refused to air Senate hearings critical of the Vietnam War

The Growth of the Counter-Culture Americans started turning against TV and “The Establishment” and embraced alternative media: underground film, off-Broadway theater, cafes, folk rock, demonstrations, marches, sit-ins, teach-ins, love-ins. TV did not know how to handle hippies, yippies, teeny-boppers and peaceniks. CBS removed a performance by Pete Seeger from The Smothers Brothers Comedy Hour: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j3SysxG6yoE

The Growth of the Counter-Culture “Make Love Not War” was a popular slogan. Members of the Civil Rights movements linked their cause with the peace movement. Blowing in the Wind – https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ld6fAO4idaI Where Have All the Flowers Gone? https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4Qt57c7rnHM

1968 Johnson loses TV support for war. Cronkite sees a “stalemate,” Frank McGee (NBC) says US is “losing the war.” March 31 - Johnson withdraws from 1968 presidential race https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2-FibDxpkb0

1968 April 4 – Martin Luther King is assassinated in Memphis. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pi6NeuFr5Us June 5 – Robert F. Kennedy is assassinated in Los Angeles. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bsYLelmN6BA July – Riots erupt outside of Democratic National Convention in Chicago http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=epxmX_58tOo http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MnqMTcdbGpg

1968 November – Richard M. Nixon is elected president https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v3xT-lSIC7A Imagine (1971) https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DVg2EJvvlF8

RTV3007* INTRODUCTION TO TELEVISION The Moon Landing RTV3007* INTRODUCTION TO TELEVISION

First Moon Landing – JULY 20, 1969 Realization of a goal set by Pres. John F. Kennedy Apollo 11 crew – Buzz Aldrin, Neil Armstrong NASA’s fifth manned space mission Broadcast to a world-wide audience Actions of the astronauts were scripted for a TV audience CBS Coverage (some animation used): http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sJv5_y2l5as First https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sTBIr65cL_E

RTV 3007 * INTRODUCTION TO TELEVISION The End of Nixon RTV 3007 * INTRODUCTION TO TELEVISION

The End of Nixon May 4, 1970 - Kent State Shootings https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=68g76j9VBvM June 17, 1972 - Break-in at the Watergate Hotel https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hsx7TZ-r4b4 May 17-August 7, 1973 - Watergate hearings televised http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IfXPcQroX1U March 1, 1974 – Indictment of “Watergate 7” August 9, 1974 - Nixon Resigns http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZEOGJJ7UKFM

The End of Vietnam April 30, 1975 - The Fall of Saigon ABC - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ICFI0nUvJVo ITN - http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3AiyFF9qOls