Heterodimeric Protein Kinases

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Heterodimeric Protein Kinases Presented By: Becky Knight

What makes up a heterodimeric Protein Kinases? Two different Subunits. Cyclin subunit: regulatory subunit. Increases and decreases during cell cycle. Turns on kinase activity and they are degraded at certain points in cell cycle. Cyclin-dependant Kinase (Cdk): Catalytic subunit. No activity unless associated with a cyclin.

There are different kinds of Cdks for each phase. G1 Cdk complex S-phase Cdk complex Mitotic Cdk complex

G1 Cdk Complex Activated by the cell when it is ready to replicate. Begins breakdown of S-phase inhibitor and prepares cell for s-phase. Activates the enzymes that are required for gene encoding and DNA replication.

S-phase Cdk Complex Regulates initiation of DNA replication. Ensures that the DNA is replicated only once. It begins to reactivate the s-phase inhibitor.

Mitotic Cdk Complex Mitosis-promoting Factor (MPF) Released during the S-phase and G2 phase once DNA is replicated. Regulates mitosis by activating: the breakdown of nuclear membrane, chromosome condensation, mitotic apparatus assembly, and chromosome alignment. Activates Anaphase-promoting Complex.

Anaphase-promoting Complex Activated by MPF complex. Causes the reverse of mitosis. Allows for sister chromatid separation and segregation. Ends mitosis.

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