MAC Address Your Computers Drivers License By Christy Kushner Hand out the worksheet of questions so the students can follow along. MAC Address Your Computers Drivers License By Christy Kushner

Media Access Control AKA Hardware Address of Physical Address Whiteboard: Ask the students why they have a SSN. Write their responses on the board. Circle the reasons that apply to a MAC address

2 Parts to a MAC Address 38-D5-47 -A4-00-B8 38-D5-47 A4-00-B8 ID Number of the manufacture A4-00-B8 Serial Number of the adapter The first 3 bytes are the manufacture ID. The second 3 bytes are the serial number. This is similar to the SSN up until 2007 when the first 3 digits of the SSN represented where you were born or filed for SSN.

Who is the Manufacturer? MAC Address Manufacturer 9C-8E-99-77-60-5E CC:46:D6:7A:86:7B 00-0C-6E-14-DC-B3 28:5A:EB:DE:68:61 Hewlett Packard Cisco Systems ASUSTek COMPUTER INC. Apple Inc. Conduct a search using google or other search engine to find the manufacturer of the IP address. http://www.gcstech.net/macvendor/index.php?node=vensea&list https://www.miniwebtool.com/mac-address-lookup/?s=google

Serial Number The serial number is assigned by the manufacture. Each company may have a different system for assigning serial numbers.

Format of the MAC Address Written with dash (-) or colon (:) 7E-B0-C2-C6-DE-C3 74:81:14:40:83:17 Note: Sometimes to save space the manufacturer will drop – or :

Is this a MAC Address Question 1: 3C-B7-92-56-01-99

6C*19*8F*77*60*5E Is this a MAC Address Question 2: The correct answer would have – instead of *

08:CD-9B:14:DC-B3 Is this a MAC Address Question 3: A MAC address either uses colon or a dash; not both.

Format of the MAC Address Written with dash (-) or colon (:) 7E-B0-C2-C6-DE-C3 74:81:14:40:83:17 6 Groups (6 bytes, 48 bits) of 2 characters 7E = 11111111 = 8 bits = 2 Nibbles = 1 byte

456-D8-5601 Is this a MAC Address Question 4: This is spaced similar to a SSN and does not contain 6 groups (bytes) of 2 characters.

Is this a MAC Address Question 5: A4:81:EE:78:F5:B0

94~51~BF~F4~34 Is this a MAC Address Question 6: This has a tilde separating the groups.

2C:8A:72:D8:56:01:7E Is this a MAC Address Question 7: Too many groups (bytes).

Is this a MAC Address Question 8: 98:FF:D0:4C:A3:DD

Format of the MAC Address Written with dash (-) or colon (:) 7E-B0-C2-C6-DE-C3 74:81:14:40:83:17 6 bytes (groups, 48 bits) of 2 characters Characters consist of Numbers 0-9 Letters A-F

Is this a MAC Address Question 9: 1C:7B:21:3C:BC:59

DF:DG:0F:68:9A:97 Is this a MAC Address Question 10: This contains the letter G. MAC addresses only use letters A-F.

C4-E0-32:8H-3F Is this a MAC Address Question 11: This has multiple issues. Contains 5 bytes (groups), the letter H, and mixes dash and colon.

Is this a MAC Address Question 12: D4-5C-70-7A-86-7B

38:E0:8E:1L:78:B9 Is this a MAC Address Question 13: This has the letter L.

Base 10

Decimal or Base 10 10 Symbols used to describe numbers

Numbers 0 - 9 For most people using increments of 10 is easier to understand. Count from 0 – 9. The chart on the right shows the position to number comparison. Position Number 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Base 10 Pattern of 10 repeats Based on the power of 10 Place Value: The number to the left is 10x greater Larger numbers are built using smaller increments 10 1s = 10; 10 10s = 100; 10 100s = 1000

Calculating Base 10 Take 82 10 1 8 2 80 82 101 10 4 42 40 82

Base 10 Math Question 1: How many ways can you make 56? Ten One 5 6 4 16 3 26 2 36 1 46 56 You can think of this as blocks or money

Base 10 Math Question 1: How many ways can you make 132? 100s 10s 1s 7 62 6 72 5 82 4 92 3 102 2 112 1 122 132 100s 10s 1s 100s 10s 1s 1 3 2 13 12 11 22 10 32 9 42 8 52

01011001 01101111 01110101 00100000 01100100 01101001 01100100 00100000 01101001 01110100 00100001 Base 2 (Binary) There are 10 types of people who in the world: those who understand binary and those who don’t.

Bit Bit stands for Binary Digit Binary digit has a value of 0 or 1 Based on the power of 2. The smallest unit of data in a computer is a bit

bit Binary Digit has 2 values On Off 1

Binary Definitions 1 bit = 1 character 4 bit = 1 nibble 8 bits = 2 nibbles 2 nibbles = 1 byte 1 byte is written in 8 binary characters 2 bytes = word 4 bytes = double word 6 bytes = 48 bits

Conversions Base 2 (Binary) and Base 10

Base 2 Everything is multiplied by 2 Only 1 digit is allowed in the empty box. 1 or 0 are the only allowed digits. 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

Converting Base 10 to Base 2 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Take the Base 10 number “5”. In Row 1, the numbers are multiplied by 2 Since 1 = On, it also means we are using it Place 1 in the boxes that add up to 5 1 + 4 = 5, place a one in the 4 and 1 box All other boxes receive a 0

Base 10 to Base 2 Exercise Exercise 1 Base 10 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 3 5 3 5 Base 10 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 3 5

Base 10 to Base 2 Exercise Exercise 2 Base 10 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 5 22 107 159 255 Base 10 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 5 22 107 159 255

Converting Base 2 to Base 10 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 Take the Base 2 byte 00001010 In the box above Write the a bit in each box Each number is written in sequential order Add the base 10 numbers up 8 + 2 = 10

Base 2 to Base 10 Exercise Exercise 3 Base 2 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 23 23 112 207 248 Base 2 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 23 112 207 248

Base 2 to Base 10 Exercise Exercise 3 Base 2 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 50 50 100 200 255 Base 2 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1 50 100 200 255

Base 16 Hexadecimal

Common uses for hexadecimal MAC Addresses 00-1A-11- B5-7F-23 Uniquely identifies a device on the network Color Codes FF-FF-FF Representation of #s often in webpage languages HTML and CSS Assembly Code Tells the computer what to do A computer can read this quickly Memory Dumps A list containing the items in the computers memory Machine language is the binary version of assembly code High level languages are programming languages such as python, C#, HTML and others Assembly code is a low level programming language

Hexadecimal Based on the number 16 Hexa means 6 Decimal means 10 Add Hexa (6) + Decimal (10) = Hexadecimal (16) Increase by a power of 16

Compare Base 2, 10,16 If you used 10 instead of A the computer may think you mean a 1 and a 0 instead of a 10. Binary Base 10 Base 16 0000 0001 1 0010 2 0011 3 0100 4 0101 5 0110 6 0111 7 1000 8 1001 9 binary Base 10 Base 16 1010 10 A 1011 11 B 1100 12 C 1101 13 D 1110 14 E 1111 15 F

Hex to Binary Each hexadecimal digit is 4 bits long Take the letter D in hexadecimal In base 10, D means 13 Convert 13 Binary _ _ _ _ = 1 1 0 1 8 4 2 1 binary Base 10 Base 16 1010 10 A 1011 11 B 1100 12 C 1101 13 D 1110 14 E 1111 15 F

Hex to Binary Exercise 1 Base 16 Base 10 Base 2 8 4 2 1 3 A 10 F 15 3 A 10 F 15 Base 16 Base 10 Base 2 8 4 2 1 3 A F

Hex Each hexadecimal digit is 4 bits long 2 nibbles is a byte Also known as a nibble 2 nibbles is a byte 1 byte is 8 bits 1 byte contains 2 hex values For numbers larger than 16 use multiple nibbles

Base 16 – 2 digits Exercise 2 Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation 8 4 2 1 18 00011000 7A 7 01111010 A 10 9B 9 10011011 B 11 Base 16 Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation 8 4 2 1 18 7A 7 A 9B 9 B

Base 16 Conversions Exercise 3 Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 D4 20 BA Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 D4 D 13 11010100 212 20 00100000 32 BA B 11 10111010 186 A 10 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 128 64 32 16 8 4 2 1

MAC Address Conversions B4:99:BA:5D:87:F3 Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 B4 B 11 10110100 180 99 9 10011001 153 BA 10111010 186 A 10 5D 5 01011011 91 D 13 87 10000111 135 7 F3 F 15 11110011 243 3 Exercise 4

MAC Address Conversions 90:94:E4:3B:76:D4 Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 90 94 E4 3B 76 D4 Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 90 9 10010000 273 94 10010100 148 E4 E 14 11100100 228 3B 3 00111011 59 B 11 76 7 01110110 118 6 D4 D 13 10110100 180 Exercise 5

MAC Address Conversions 2C-AB-00-77-E1-5F Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 2C AB 00 77 E1 5F Base 16 Separate Base 10 Base 2 Binary Representation Dotted Decimal 8 4 2 1 2C 00101100 44 C 12 AB A 10 10101011 171 B 11 00 00000000 77 7 01110111 119 E1 E 14 11100001 225 5F 5 01011111 95 F 15 Exercise 6