Advances in Digital Rights Management Robby Robson, Eduworks Corporation, USA James Simon, Sun Microsystems, USA Harry Piccariello, ContentGuard, Inc., USA Copyright 2004, Eduworks Corporation This work is licensed under a Attribution-NoDerivs-NonCommercial 1.0 Creative Commons License (see http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd-nc/1.0/). 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

References Celebrate: A Federated Model for Exchange of Learning Objects James Simon & Jean-Noël Colin, PhD E-Learn 2004 Proceedings 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

Topics Application Domains: Services Introductions Digital libraries Federated repositories Corporate intranets Services Defining Rights Displaying Terms & Conditions Enforcing Terms & Conditions Introductions Rights Management Ecosystems CELEBRATE Discussion 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

A Digital Rights Ecosystem Model 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS ECOSYSTEM: A system formed by the interaction of a distributed learning community with Law & Policy Market Mechanisms Rights Expectations Content workflows Content management technology Agents & Actors who distribute, acquire or enforce rights Learning environments Standards Infrastructure Services 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Environment in which DRM takes place 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Actors in the Ecosystem 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish CONTENT MANAGEMENT 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Distribute Content Distribute Content External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Content Acquire Content Acquire Content Acquire Content Distribute Content Acquire Content The Flow of Content 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage The Flow of Rights 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Rights expression A machine (and human) readable expression of what can be done with content under what conditions. Licenses and offers can be written using rights expressions. A rights expression language is a grammar and vocabulary for expressing rights in a standardized format. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Content Protection Preventing or discouraging the unauthorized use of content. E.g. copy or print protection. Supported by encryption schemes, digital watermarking, Rights Management Services, etc. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

Use DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Authentication and Authorization Authentication is the process of establishing the identity of a user. Authorization is the process of determining what a user is permitted to do. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Content Registry A registry is a storehouse of information about content that provides (among other things) metadata and persistent unique identifiers. Registries provide means to find and access content in ways that are more dependable than direct pointers to content. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

Use DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Rights (License) Registry A place where licenses associated with content may be permanently stored and readily accessed. License registries associate rights to content in a persistent fashion, and allows licenses to be accessed remotely. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Learning Management Environments Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Financial / HR Financial systems, human resources systems, and other ‘enterprise systems’ manage access to content based on departmental charge-backs, user fees, manager permissions and other factors. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

Use DIGITAL RIGHTS MANAGEMENT ECOSYSTEM Rights Management Environment Law Market Mechanisms Policy Expectations Authors Publishers Librarians / Repository Managers Faculty / Trainers Students Usage Tracking and Reporting Services Usage tracking and reporting services are needed to support ‘per use’ financial models, attribution, and usage-based reward systems. Enforce and Distribute Rights Distribute Rights External Sites -------------- Digital Libraries E-stores Bookstores Etc. Internal Sites ------------- Libraries, Repositories, Content Mgt Systems Catalog Find Acquire Distribute Learning Management Environments --------------- Course Mgt Systems, Collaborative Environments, Portals Etc. Use Author Assemble Publish Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights and Track Usage Acquire Rights Enforce and Distribute Rights Acquire Rights and Track Usage Expression / Enforcement Standards Infrastructure Services (Some Standardized) Rights Expression Content Protection Authentication Financial / HR Services Usage Tracking & Reporting Services Authorization 2-11-2004 Content Registry Advances in DRM Rights Registry

Some Topics for Discussion Federated DRM Supporting Fair Use / Fair Dealing Rights management in Repository software & Learning Management Systems Rights expression creation / management tools Rights Expression Languages Man turns to stone listening to standards presentation* * Permission to use requested from Williams-Exeter Programme at Oxford - www.williams.edu/ dean/oxford/oxford.htm 2-11-2004 Advances in DRM