12.3 Modeling Mendel’s Laws I. Using Punnett Squares A. ___________ squares 1. A model that predicts the likely outcomes of a ____________cross 2. Shows all the possible genotypes that could result from a given cross B. _________________Cross 1. Uses only one set of traits. 2. Only four ___________big

II. Using Probability A. Probability is the likelihood that a specific event will _________________ 1. prob. = # of 1 kind of possible outcome total number of all outcomes 2. ex. – a coin landing on heads is 1 of 2. III. Using a __________________ A. A pedigree is a family history that shows how a trait is inherited over several ______________________. B. Genetic ________________

1. a disease or disorder that can be _____________________ C. Parents can see the likelihood of their children inheriting a genetic disease with the use of a __________________ D. _______________ gene 1. located on either an X or Y ____________________ a. more likely located on the X b. affects males more than females 2. colorblindness is an example of a sex linked trait