Preplanning Presentation 2011-2012 Depth of Knowledge Preplanning Presentation 2011-2012

Why Depth of Knowledge? No Child Left Behind (NCLB) requires assessments to “measure the depth and breadth of the state academic content standards for a given grade level” (U.S. Department of Education, 2003, p. 12)

Descriptive, not a taxonomy Not the same as difficulty Depth of Knowledge Focuses on content standard in order to successfully complete an assessment/standard task. Descriptive, not a taxonomy Not the same as difficulty Final Jeopardy is always DOK 1 (recall) even though the level of difficulty is often quite high. The Depth of Knowledge is NOT determined by the verb, but the context in which the verb is used and the depth of thinking required.

Webb’s Depth of Knowledge levels: Recall and Reproduction: Level 1 Skills & Concepts: Level 2 Strategic Thinking: Level 3 Extended Thinking: Level 4 Sean Elkins

What is DOK? Model of how teachers and students interact with content Assignments are categorized based upon the cognitive complexity Descriptive- not a taxonomy Ensures teachers are teaching to promote student achievement

DOK 3: Strategic Reasoning DOK 4: Extended Reasoning Explaining reasoning is a key marker Short-term use of higher order thinking Focus on complex reasoning and thinking over a period of time Focus on applying skills and concepts Students act on the information they have memorized Memorization Nothing is solved or figured out Usually one right answer DOK 1: Recall DOK 2: Skills/Concepts DOK 3: Strategic Reasoning DOK 4: Extended Reasoning

COMPLEXITY DIFFICULTY The DOK Level assigned to a task should reflect the COMPLEXITY of the cognitive processes demanded by the task rather than the DIFFICULTY of the task.

Complexity of the task or information Students’ expected level of prior knowledge The central VERB is NOT sufficient for assigning DOK level. Mental processes required for successful completion of the task Assigning DOK Level

DOK Level 1 Basic recall of memorized information One right answer Involves working with facts, terms, or properties of objects Can memorize something simple or complex, but it’s still memorization

DOK 1 Tasks Apply a well known formula or algorithm Locate or recall facts from a text Apply a well known formula or algorithm Use a dictionary to find meanings of words Most worksheets

DOK Level 2 Some mental processing beyond recalling and memorization Some important concepts are covered, but not in a complex way. Students take information they memorized at Level 1, and use it in some way The learner should make use of information in a context different from the one in which it was learned.

DOK 2 Tasks Identify and summarize narrative elements in a text Explain the cause-effect relationship of historical events Predict a logical outcome based on information given in a reading selection Retrieve information from a table or graph and use this information to solve a multi-step problem

DOK Level 3 Short-term use of higher- order thinking processes Tasks require analysis, evaluation, reasoning and planning, and solving real-world problems Stating one’s reasoning is a key indicator of tasks that are level 3 Students must be able to support their thinking and reasoning

Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of literary elements in a text DOK 3 Tasks Key processes include analyzing, explaining and supporting with evidence, generalizing, and creating Tasks at this level require reasoning and planning with an explanation of the thinking processes the students used to complete the task Solve a multi-step math problem and provide support with a mathematical explanation that justifies the answer Analyze and evaluate the effectiveness of literary elements in a text

Extended use of higher order thinking processes DOK Level 4 Extended use of higher order thinking processes Employing and sustaining strategic thinking processes over a longer period of time in order to solve a problem Work must require applying significant conceptual understanding and higher-order thinking skills

DOK 4 Tasks Gather, analyze, and synthesize information from multiple sources to conduct a well researched report. Present information in a unique way. Analyze and explain multiple perspectives of the same issue Specify a problem, identify possible solutions, solve the problem, and report the results Write and produce and original play

Depth Of knowledge DOK 1: tasks are those that require memorization of facts or other information presented DOK 2: tasks use information learned in level 1 and take it a step farther DOK 3: tasks require deeper thinking-students must support their answers with reasoning DOK 4: tasks require extended time to conduct complex investigations or explorations- high cognitive demand