Verbal Phrases Participial, Gerund and infinitive

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Verbals and Verb Phrases

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Verbal Phrases Participial, Gerund and infinitive English teacher: Neil Group Presentation: Isabella, Samira , Erico, Shang, and Anh

Participial phrases Participial phrases consist of either a past or a present participle and any objects, and/or modifier. Participial phrases always function as adjectives within a sentence. Examples: That dog keenly hunting the ducks must be a thoroughbred. participial: hunting object: the ducks (the D.O. of the participial) modifier: keenly (an adverb modifying the participial) Participial phrase: keenly hunting the ducks Hidden by the trees, Jerry waited to scare Mark. participial: hidden modifier: by the trees (a prepositional phrase modifying "hidden") participial phrase: hidden by the trees (an adjective modifying "Jerry")

Gerund Phrases Gerund phrases consist of a gerund and any objects and/or modifiers A gerund phrase can look similar to a participial phrase because the gerund has the same form as the present participle. The main difference is that the gerund (phrase) functions as a noun (ie. subject, object, subject complement, appositive), and the participial phrase as an adjective. Example: I enjoy riding my bike which my father gave me. Gerund: riding Direct object: my bike Modifiers: which my father gave me

Infinitive phrases Infinitive phrases start with an infinitive which is followed by any objects, and/or modifiers. Examples: To tour Australia slowly is my dream. Infinitive: to tour Object: Australia (the direct object of the infinitive) Modifier: slowly (an adverb modifying the infinitive) Infinitive phrase: to tour Australia slowly Example I must study to pass my winter exams with good marks. Infinitive: to pass Object: my winter exams (the D.O. of the infinitive) Modifier: with good marks (a prepositional phrase modifying the infinitive) Infinitive phrase: to pass my winter exams with good marks