Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor as an Adjunct to Induction Chemotherapy for Adult Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia — A Randomized Phase-III Study by Klaus Geissler, Elisabeth Koller, Eva Hubmann, Dietger Niederwieser, Wolfgang Hinterberger, Dietmar Geissler, Paul Kyrle, Paul Knöbl, Ingrid Pabinger, Renate Thalhammer, Ilse Schwarzinger, Christine Mannhalter, Ulrich Jaeger, Renate Heinz, Werner Linkesch, and Klaus Lechner Blood Volume 90(2):590-596 July 15, 1997 ©1997 by American Society of Hematology

Modified phase I of the induction regimen according to the GMALL protocol 1984. Modified phase I of the induction regimen according to the GMALL protocol 1984. The modification consisted of a higher dose of daunorubicin (45 instead of 25 mg/m2) and the administration of asparaginase during the first 2 weeks of the protocol, and at a lower dose (2,500 instead of 5,000 U/m2). The study period was 4 weeks, starting at the first day of G-CSF administration (day 2 through 29). PRED, prednisone; ASP, asparaginase; VCR, vincristine; DNR, daunorubicin; G-CSF, granulocyte colony-stimulating factor. Klaus Geissler et al. Blood 1997;90:590-596 ©1997 by American Society of Hematology

ANC (median values and quartiles) in G-CSF patients (n = 25) and controls (n = 26). Klaus Geissler et al. Blood 1997;90:590-596 ©1997 by American Society of Hematology

Klaus Geissler et al. Blood 1997;90:590-596 ©1997 by American Society of Hematology

Klaus Geissler et al. Blood 1997;90:590-596 ©1997 by American Society of Hematology

Kaplan-Meier survival probability for G-CSF patients (n = 25) and controls (n = 26) (P = .96, log-rank test). Kaplan-Meier survival probability for G-CSF patients (n = 25) and controls (n = 26) (P = .96, log-rank test). Patients undergoing allogeneic BMT were censored at the time of transplantation. Klaus Geissler et al. Blood 1997;90:590-596 ©1997 by American Society of Hematology