L-type calcium channels are involved in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium sulphate C.Y. Lin, P.S. Tsai, Y.C. Hung, C.J. Huang British.

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L-type calcium channels are involved in mediating the anti-inflammatory effects of magnesium sulphate C.Y. Lin, P.S. Tsai, Y.C. Hung, C.J. Huang British Journal of Anaesthesia Volume 104, Issue 1, Pages 44-51 (January 2010) DOI: 10.1093/bja/aep336 Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 1 The concentrations of MIP-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6. (a) The concentrations of MIP-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the PBS, 20 mM of MgSO4 (M), LPS, LPS plus 1 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(1)], LPS plus 5 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(5)], and LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(20)] groups are illustrated. (b) The concentrations of MIP-2, TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6 of the LPS, LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(20)], LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus calcium chloride [LPS+M(20)+CaCl2], and LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus the L-type calcium channel activator BAY-K8644 [LPS+M(20)+K8644] groups are illustrated. Data are expressed as mean (sd). *P<0.05 vs the PBS group. #P<0.05 vs the LPS group. †P<0.05 the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(1) group or the LPS+M(5) group vs the LPS+M(1) group. ‡P<0.05 the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(5) group. ¶P<0.05 the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(20)+CaCl2 group or the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(20)+K8644 group. §P<0.05 the LPS+M(20)+CaCl2 group vs the LPS+M(20)+K8644 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2010 104, 44-51DOI: (10.1093/bja/aep336) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 2 The representative gel photography and the densitometric analysis data of iNOS mRNA and COX-2 mRNA and also NO and PGE2. (a) The concentrations of iNOS mRNA, NO, COX-2 mRNA, and PGE2 of the PBS, 20 mM of MgSO4 (M), LPS, LPS plus 1 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(1)], LPS plus 5 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(5)], and LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(20)] groups are illustrated. (b) The concentrations of iNOS mRNA, NO, COX-2 mRNA, and PGE2 of the LPS, LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 [LPS+M(20)], LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus calcium chloride [LPS+M(20)+CaCl2], and LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus the L-type calcium channel activator BAY-K8644 [LPS+M(20)+K-8644] groups are illustrated. The mRNA concentrations of iNOS and COX-2 were normalized by β-actin. Data are expressed as mean (sd). *P<0.05 vs the PBS group. #P<0.05 vs the LPS group. †P<0.05 the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(1) group or the LPS+M(5) group vs the LPS+M(1) group. ‡P<0.05 the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(5) group. ¶P<0.05 the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(20)+CaCl2 group or the LPS+M(20) group vs the LPS+M(20)+K8644 group. §P<0.05 the LPS+M(20)+CaCl2 group vs the LPS+M(20)+K8644 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2010 104, 44-51DOI: (10.1093/bja/aep336) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 3 Representative gel photography and the densitometric analysis data of NF-κB protein concentrations in nuclear extracts (i.e. NF-κB nuclear translocation) and phosphorylated inhibitor-κB (Phos-I-κB) protein concentrations in cytosolic extracts (i.e. I-κB degradation) of the LPS, LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 (LPS+M), LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus calcium chloride (LPS+M+CaCl2), and LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus the L-type calcium channel activator BAY-K8644 (LPS+M+K8644) groups are illustrated. The NF-κB p65 protein concentrations were normalized by Histone H3. The Phos-I-κBα protein concentrations were normalized by actin. Data are expressed as mean (sd). *P<0.05 vs the LPS group. #P<0.05 vs the LPS+M group. †P<0.05 the LPS+M+CaCl2 group vs the LPS+M+K8644 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2010 104, 44-51DOI: (10.1093/bja/aep336) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions

Fig 4 Representative gel photography and densitometric analysis data of the NF-κB-DNA binding activity in nuclear extracts of the LPS, LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 (LPS+M), LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus calcium chloride (LPS+M+CaCl2), and LPS plus 20 mM of MgSO4 plus the L-type calcium channel activator BAY-K8644 (LPS+M+K8644) groups using chemiluminescence EMSA are illustrated. Data are expressed as mean (sd). *P<0.05 vs the LPS group. #P<0.05 vs the LPS+M group. †P<0.05 the LPS+M+CaCl2 group vs the LPS+M+K8644 group. British Journal of Anaesthesia 2010 104, 44-51DOI: (10.1093/bja/aep336) Copyright © 2010 The Author(s) Terms and Conditions