Variables and Controls Tennessee SPI Objective: Essential Question(s)

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Variables and Controls Tennessee SPI Objective: Essential Question(s) SPI 0807.Inq.1C Controls Notes SPI 0807.Inq.1 Variables and Controls Science Tennessee SPI Objective: Design a simple experimental procedure with an identified control and appropriate variables. Essential Question(s) 1) What are controls in experiments? 2) What is the difference between constants and controls? I Can Statement I can identify control trials in a simple experiment.

What Are Control Trials? (Also called controls and/or control groups) A control trial is... …an experiment separated from the main experiment where the independent variable being tested cannot influence the results. A control trial is... …an experiment to verify the results of another experiment using the same conditions except for one factor or variable. How to do a control trial: Just remove the independent variable entirely or replace it with a neutral substitute.

Fruity Pebbles Experiment Experiment SPI 0807.Inq.1 (Variables and Controls) Notes Science Experiment Does eating a sugary cereal make children hyperactive? Every morning have 3 children eat a bowl of Fruity Pebbles. Then observe their energy level for the next two hours. Manipulated/Ind Variable: -the sugary cereal Responding/Dep Variable: -their behavior This is called the experimental group Next do a control trial/control group (see next slide)

Fruity Pebbles Experiment (cont. from previous slide) Manipulated/Ind Variable: -the sugary cereal Responding/Dep Variable: -their behavior Do a control trial by removing the independent variable entirely and/or use a neutral substitute. Option 01: Repeat this experiment exactly except this time don't give the children any cereal at all. Just leave out the independent variable entirely. Option 02: Repeat this experiment exactly but give them a neutral substitute such as a bowl of cereal that does not contain any sugar.

Example: A scientist is conducting an experiment to test how sunlight affects plant growth. She places one corn plant 1 meter away from a sunlamp. She places one corn plant 2 meters away from a sunlamp. She places one corn plant 3 meters away from a sunlamp. Corn plant 01 Corn plant 02 Corn plant 03 Ind. variable is the distance from the sunlamp/amount of sunlight. Dependent variable is how tall the plants grow. Do a control trial by removing the independent variable entirely or replace it with a neutral substitute. Control Trial -place one other corn plant in a dark room

Energy Drink Experiment Will drinking an energy drink enable you to run faster? On 3 different days at the track, consume one can of energy drink. Day 1: Monster, Day 2: Red Bull, Day 3: Rock Star) Then run one lap as fast as you can. Manipulated/Ind Variable: -type of energy drinks Responding/Dep Variable: -how fast you run Next do a control trail (see next slide)