8Y 05-17-2017 Wednesday Final Exam Review Objective: Review for final exam. Agenda: Prayer Do Now: Seterra – Asia or Europe (Google Classroom) ( 15 minutes) Go over Chapter 11 Review Work on chapter 15 review pg 499-500 #8b, 9b, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12

Western Expansion Chapter 11: Page 373-374 #1-18 all Mexican priest who led a rebellion for independence from Spain: Fr. Miguel Hidalgo y Castilla Spanish cowboys in California: vaqueros a group of pioneers who were stranded in the Sierra Nevada Mountains and struggled to survive the winter: The Donner Agents hired by the Mexican government to attract settlers to Texas: empresarios The belief that the United States was meant to expand across the continent to the Pacific Ocean: manifest destiny Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints: Mormons Fur traders and trappers who lived west of the Rocky Mountains and in the Pacific Northwest: mountain men Mexican ruler who fought to keep Texas from gaining independence: Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna Swiss immigrant who received permission from Mexico to start a colony in California: John Sutter Western trail from Missouri to New Mexico that was an important route for trade between American and Mexican Merchants: Santa Fe Trail

Western Expansion Chapter 11: Page 373-374 #1-18 all 11A: What different groups of people traveled West? Mormons (religious freedom), merchants, traders, settlers (for new life and better economic opportunities – ex: 49ers) 11b: Why did Brigham Young move the Mormon community to Utah? They were experiencing persecution in their original communities (Ohio and Illinois) – failed communities, they wanted to start a new community in Utah where it was secluded. 11c: What are some possible problems that might result from American settlement in the West? Land disputes, conflict with Native Americans, issues with statehood and slavery – balance between slave states and free states. Fighting over resources, dangerous travel/diseases, growth of new government and economy, competition between different businesses. 12 a: Who were Stephen F. Austin and Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna? Stephen F. Austin: empresario of Texas – brought the first 300 American families to Texas. Helped it become a state. Became Secretary of State when Texas gained independence from Mexico. Santa Anna: Mexican dictator who tried to prevent Texas secession. Suspended Mexico’s Republican Constitution. He tried to sieze guns from Texas. Led To revolt of Texas. Defeated by Sam Houston and forced to sign a treaty giving Texas its independence. 12b: Why did settlers in Texas rebel against Mexican rule? Santa Anna actions: suspended Mexican Republican Constitution, Mexican government banned slavery and further American settlement into Texas. 12C: In what ways was the Texas struggle for independence similar to that of the United States? People in a colonial region fought against their mother country for protection of what they saw as their rights and liberties.

Western Expansion Chapter 11: Page 373-374 #1-18 all 13A: Why were some Americans opposed to the annexation of new territories? Concerns over the spread of slavery, conflict with other countries, upset balance over slave states and free states. 13B: What economic and cultural influences did Native Americans and Mexican Americans have on American settlers in the Mexican Cession? Houses - adobe, foods (weather based), mining, ranching, saddles 13C: What are some possible problems the acquisition of so much territory might cause the United States? Hard to govern and protect such a large area 14a> What roles did women and immigrants play in the California gold rush? Service providers, opened businesses, mined 14b: Why were most gold-rush settlers young, unmarried men? Unreliable job, inconsistent, can’t support family, long and dangerous travel and work, few attachments so they could leave their homes and go to CA 14c: what long-term effects might the gold rush have on California’s future? Larger population, economic growth, diverse culture  could lead to greater tensions 15: What role did economics play in the desire of Americans to go west? Everyone was motivated by the desire to get rich, improve economically 16: What were the main trails to the West, and what areas did they pass through? Map on page 372 17: Determine the definition of annexation using context clues. Become a part of, joining the U.S./another country 18. Place the expansions in the order which they were acquired by the United States, according to the map. Texas 1845 Oregon 1846 Mexican Cession 1848 Gadsden Purchase 1853

499-500 #8b, 9b, 10b, 11a, 11b, 12 8B: How did the issue of slavery promote sectionalism? The South’s industry was based on slavery, but the North’s was not. The North saw it as an evil and wanted to get rid of it. This created tension. Encouraged leaders to promote sectionalism to get more power/stay in power. 9B: How did the Kansas-Nebraska Act lead to growing hostility between pro-slavery and antislavery supporters? Kansas-Nebraska Act replaced the Compromise of 1820 which said that any new state above the 36’30 line would be a free state. But Kansas-Nebraska created popular sovereignty (people pick) in that area instead – which led to cheating and violence and Kansas Civil War. This was introduced Stephen Douglas because he wanted the Transcontinental RR to go through the north with the support of Southern lawmakers. 10B: How were political parties affected by the debate over slavery? New parties born, some parties destroyed (Republicans born on a platform of no spread of slavery, Whig party destroyed because they could not choose between slave or free, Democrats lost power – eventually became the pro slavery party as a result of the birth of the Republicans which became the anti-slavery party) 11a: Why did the Southern states secede, and what was the North’s response? Mad about the Election of 1860 – Abraham Lincoln became president without even campaigning in the South, Felt their way of life was threatened – abolishment slavery, feared another John Brown 11B: