Temperature & Gas Laws Chapter 16

Temperature Measured in Celsius and Kelvin (Kelvin = Celsius + 273) Absolute Zero: the temperature at which the volume of an ideal gas is zero (T = 0 K) Directly related to the average KE of particles in a substance

Gas Laws Boyle’s Law: the volume of a gas is inversely related to its pressure Charles’ Law: the volume of a gas is directly related to its absolute temperature Gay-Lussac’s Law: the pressure of a gas is directly related to its absolute temperature

Ideal Gas Law Incorporates Boyles, Charles and Gay-Lussac’s Laws and includes the effect of moles of a substance: PV = nRT Where R = ideal gas constant = 8314 J/kmol K

Ideal Gas Law Units Pressure (P) = Pascals Volume (V) = m3 Temperature (T) = Kelvin Number of moles (n) = kmol

Combined Gas Law Gas Laws can be expressed in an equation that relates initial conditions to final conditions: P1V1 = P2V2 T2 T2

Standard Conditions Standard Temperature = 0oC (273 K) Standard Pressure = 1 atm = 1.013 x 105 Pa

Practice Problems . . . . .