Mine Health and Safety Inspectorate Contractors Management Workshop Mpumalanga Region Mine Health and Safety Review David Msiza Mine Health and Safety Inspectorate 16 February 2005 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Presentation Outline Registered Mines Mine Employee Statistics Occupational Safety Review Occupational Health Review Challenges Strategies for significant improvement Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Registered mines Type of Mine Total Underground Coal 42 Opencast Coal 28 Gold Platinum 12 2 Other (Chrome, Crushers, Vanadium, Sandworks, brickworks, Quarries, Lime, Granite,Manganese) 90 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Mine employee statistics Commodity No. of Employees Coal 42156 Gold 9099 Other 5629 TOTAL 56884 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Occupational Safety Milestones ZERO RATE OF FATALITIES AND INJURIES Gold sector Coal, Platinum, and other mines Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Year Fatality Rate Persons Killed Injury Rate Persons Injured 1994 0,95 482 15,71 8 000 2003 0,63 264 10,30 4.300 -51% 281 -53% 3 700 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Fatality Rates per Commodity Year Fatality Rate Persons Killed % year/year Gold 2003 0,66 6 2004 0,32 3 50 Platinum The reason for the worsen of the fatality rates in the platinum sector was because of the rapid expansion from a low skills base and poor supervisory levels. Prior to 1994 some mines fell under the homeland jurisdiction. If one exludes the 1994 stats the lowest rate was achieved in 1999, was 0,45. The coal sector achieved the best fatality rate in 2001. The fatality rate was 0,38 per 1 000 people at work or 0,25 Injury Frenquency Rate per million hours worked. In the same year the Australian underground Fatal Injury frenquency rate was 0,23. While the US FIFR was 0,41 (28 fatalities) but the 10 year average was 0,24 for underground coal mines. It can be concluded that coal sector achieved the international benchmark in 2002. The other mines achieved, the lowest fatality rate in 1998 at 0,50 which is almost the same as 2003 at 0,51. Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Fatality Rates per Commodity (cont’d) Year Fatality Rate Persons Killed % year/year Coal 2003 0,43 18 2004 0,36 15 17 Other mines 0,71 4 0,89 5 - 25 The reason for the worsen of the fatality rates in the platinum sector was because of the rapid expansion from a low skills base and poor supervisory levels. Prior to 1994 some mines fell under the homeland jurisdiction. If one exludes the 1994 stats the lowest rate was achieved in 1999, was 0,45. The coal sector achieved the best fatality rate in 2001. The fatality rate was 0,38 per 1 000 people at work or 0,25 Injury Frenquency Rate per million hours worked. In the same year the Australian underground Fatal Injury frenquency rate was 0,23. While the US FIFR was 0,41 (28 fatalities) but the 10 year average was 0,24 for underground coal mines. It can be concluded that coal sector achieved the international benchmark in 2002. The other mines achieved, the lowest fatality rate in 1998 at 0,50 which is almost the same as 2003 at 0,51. Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Fall of Ground 2003 2004 Commodity Deaths Rate Gold 5 0,55 Platinum Coal 0,12 3 0,07 Other Mines 1 0,18 Total 10 4 Major type of incident: Work under unsupported roof Gravity shake out (of blocks in the hanging) Unidentified geological structures Rockburst (but less proportionally) Major factors in FOG Understanding specific geological conditions Designing for specific geological conditions Implementation of best practice Technology transfer Adherence to standards Culture of non adherence Training – hazard recognition Time pressures Remuneration pressures . Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Mine Equipment Accidents 2003 2004 Commodity Deaths Rate Gold 1 0,11 Platinum Coal 9 0,21 7 0,17 Other Mines 4 0,71 2 0,35 Total 14 0,25 10 0,18 The improvement in the fatality rate for mine equipment accident improved by 37%, from 0,25 to 0,18. This is equivalent to reduction of 21 persons killed. The sector improvements were mainly driven by the gold and platinum sectors because they have the most number of people in the sector. Gold improved by 54% Platinum improved by 78% Coal improved by 16% Other mines got worse by 7% Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

The improvement in the fatality rate for mine equipment accident improved by 37%, from 0,25 to 0,18. This is equivalent to reduction of 21 persons killed. The sector improvements were mainly driven by the gold and platinum sectors because they have the most number of people in the sector. Gold improved by 54% Platinum improved by 78% Coal improved by 16% Other mines got worse by 7% Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

TOTAL ACCIDENTS PER YEAR PER MAIN CONTRIBUTOR JAN 1999 – DEC 2004 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

TOTAL ACCIDENTS PER YEAR PER MAIN CONTRIBUTOR COAL MINES: JAN 1999 – DEC 2004 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

DISTRIBUTION OF ACCIDENTS JAN 2004 –DEC 2004 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Occupational Health Milestones 1. Elimination of Silicosis By December 2008, 95% all exposure measurement results will below the occupational exposure limit for respirable crystalline of 0,1 mg/m3 .   After December 2013, using present diagnostic techniques, no new cases of silicosis will occur among previously unexposed individuals. [Previously unexposed individual = Individual unexposed prior 2008 (i.e equivalent to a new person entering the industry at 2008)] Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

(Continued) 2. Elimination of Noise Induces Hearing Loss After December 2008 the hearing conservation programmes implemented by industry must ensure that there is no deterioration in hearing greater than 10% amongst occupationally exposed individuals.   By December 2013 the total noise emitted by all equipment installed in any workplace must not exceed a sound pressure level of 110dB(A) at any location in that workplace. Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Compensation paid for NIHL for 2003 was R52,2 million for 7 241 cases Compensation paid for NIHL for 2003 was R52,2 million for 7 241 cases. The large number of cases in 2002 was due to the eminent change in the threshold for compensation. From now onwards the number of cases figure is expected to stabilise. Sometimes the consequences to over-exposure are irreversible! Some concerns are the reporting levels in terms of the number of mines and the accuracy of samples taken. Manipulation of results. SASOL refused the DME to get access to their dust samples results. This was definitely in contradiction with the spirit of the MHS Act. Gold improved by 2%; coal 9%; other mines got worse by 2%. The overall improvement was a mere 1%. Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Challenges Inspectorate as Employer of Choice Change in Legislation/ Compliance: - Awareness - Change Management - Lack of Accountability Increase of Small Scale Miners Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Challenges (Cont.) Elimination of Recurring Accidents: + Inadequate Health and Safety Management Systems- - Culture - Risk Management - Lack of effective training - Improper Mine Accident Investigations - Effectiveness of health and safety representatives Informal/Illegal Miners Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Compensation data - accepted as evidence of past exposure. The asbestos compensation emphasizes the lag time between exposure and diagnosis.

Strategies to eliminate/reduce reportable accidents and ill health Awareness campaigns: - Discussions with Executive/mine management/Unions - Health and safety workshops - Newsletters and Newsflashes Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Strategies (cont.) Enforcement: Visibility by Inspectors Coal Gold Other Total Audits 166 28 49 243 Inspections 438 100 134 672 604 128 183 915 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Enforcement: Mines/working areas stoppages Strategies (cont.) Enforcement: Mines/working areas stoppages Sector Section 54 Section 55 Total Mine Safety 83 30 113 Mine Equipment 227 9 236 Occ. Hygiene 38 63 101 Occ. Medicine 3 26 29 351 128 479 Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Strategies (cont.) Enforcement: Administrative Fines No of Mines Total Amount (R’000) 31 810 Commend Mine’s Health and Safety Achievements Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity

Thank You !!! Department of Minerals and Energy South Africa for Development and Prosperity