A Kingdom united and a kingdom Divided 10/9/17 Professor Tate

Vocabulary Solomon Mt. Zion/Jerusalem Hosea Zion Theology vs. Sinai Theology Ark of the covenant Ahijah the prophet Jeroboam “The Sin of Jeroboam” Bethel and Dan Northern Kingdom (Israel/Ephraim) Southern Kingdom (Judah) Hosea Amos “Oracles agains the Nations” Assyrian captivity of Northern Israel (722 B.C.E.) Hezekiah, King of Judah Isaiah Immanuel (“God is with us”)

Solomon (finally) builds the temple (1 kings 5) “You know that my father David could not build a house for the name of the Lord his God because of the warfare with which his enemies surrounded him, until the Lord put them under the soles of his feet. But now the Lord my God has given me rest on every side; there is neither adversary nor misfortune. So I intend to build a house for the name of the Lord my God, as the Lord said to my father David, ‘Your son, whom I will set on your throne in your place, shall build the house for my name.’”

The ark of the covenant finds its home (1 kings 8) The priests brought the ark of the covenant of the Lord to its place, in the inner sanctuary of the house, in the most holy place, underneath the wings of the cherubim…There was nothing in the ark except the two tablets of stone that Moses had placed there at Horeb (Sinai), where the Lord made a covenant with the Israelites, when they came out of the land of Egypt. And when the priests came out of the holy place, a cloud filled the house of the Lord, so that the priests could not stand to minister because of the cloud; for the glory of the Lord filled the house of the Lord.

God takes his place in the temple (1 kings 8) The Lord said to [Solomon]…“I have consecrated this house that you have built, and put my name there forever; my eyes and my heart will be there for all time. As for you, if you will walk before me, as David your father walked, with integrity of heart and uprightness, doing according to all that I have commanded you, and keeping my statutes and ordinances, then I will establish your royal throne over Israel forever, as I promised your father David, saying, ‘There shall not fail you a successor on the throne of Israel.’”

…but there are conditions (1 kings 8) “If you turn aside from following me, you or your children, and do not keep my commandments and my statutes that I have set before you, but go and serve other gods and worship them, then I will cut Israel off from the land that I have given them; and the house that I have consecrated for my name I will cast out of my sight; and Israel will become a taunt among all peoples. This house will become a heap of ruins.”

Solomon’s errors (1 kings 11) King Solomon loved many foreign women along with the daughter of Pharaoh…from the nations concerning which the Lord had said to the Israelites, “You shall not enter into marriage with them, neither shall they with you; for they will surely incline your heart to follow other gods”…So Solomon did what was evil in the sight of the Lord, and did not completely follow the Lord, as his father David had done. Then Solomon built a high place for Chemosh, the abomination of Moab, and for Molech the abomination of the Ammonites, on the mountain of east Jerusalem.

Solomon’s errors (1 kings 11) Therefore the Lord said to Solomon, “Since this has been your mind and you have not kept my covenant and my statutes that I have commanded you, I will surely tear the kingdom from you and give it to your servant. Yet for the sake of your father David I will not do it in your lifetime; I will tear it out of the hand of your son. I will not, however, tear away the entire kingdom; I will give one tribe to your son, for the sake of my servant David and for the sake of Jerusalem, which I have chosen.”

Jeroboam’s rebellion and The secession of the northern tribes (1 kings 11) About that time, the prophet Ahijah the Shilonite found [Jeroboam] on the road…The two of them were alone in the open country when Ahijah laid hold of the new garment he was wearing and tore it into twelve pieces. He then said to Jeroboam: Take for yourself ten pieces, for thus says the Lord… “I will not take the whole kingdom away from [Solomon] but will make him a ruler all the days of his life, for the sake of my servant David whom I chose and who did keep my commandments and my statutes; but I will take the kingdom away from his son and give it to you—that is, the ten tribes. Yet to his son I will give one tribe, so that my servant David may always have a lamp before me in Jerusalem, the city where I have chosen to put my name.”

“The Sin of Jeroboam” (1 Kings 12) Then Jeroboam said to himself, “Now the kingdom may well revert to the house of David. If this people continues to go up to offer sacrifices in the house of the Lord and Jerusalem, the heart of this people will turn again to [Judah]…So the king took counsel and made two calves of gold. He said to the people, “You have gone up to Jerusalem long enough. Here are your gods, O Israel, who brought you up out of the land of Egypt.” He set one in Bethel, and the other he put in Dan. And this thing became a sin, for the people went to worship before the one at Bethel and before the other as far up as Dan.

Hosea calls for the Northern kingdom’s repentance (Hosea 1, 4) When the Lord first spoke through Hosea, the Lord said to Hosea, “Go, take for yourself a wife of whoredom and have children of whoredom, for the land commits great whoredom by forsaking the Lord”… Hear the word of the Lord, O people of Israel; for the lord has an indictment against the inhabitants of the land. There is no faithfulness or loyalty, and no knowledge of God in the land.

The Lord roars from Zion and utters his voice from Jerusalem… The Prophet Amos’ prophecy against the North (oracles agains the nations; Amos 1-2) The Lord roars from Zion and utters his voice from Jerusalem… Thus says the Lord: For three transgressions of Damascus, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment… For the transgressions of Gaza, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment… For three transgressions of Tyre, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment… For three transgressions of Edom, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment… For three transgressions of Judah, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment… For three transgressions of Israel, and for four, I will not revoke the punishment!

Amos’ prophecy against the north (Amos 7) Then Amaziah, the priest of Bethel, sent to King Jeroboam of Israel, saying, “Amos has conspired against you in the very center of the house of Israel; the land is not able to bear all his words. For Thus Amos has said, ‘Jeroboam shall die by the sword, and Israel must go into exile away from his land’”… Then Amos answered Amaziah, “I am no prophet, nor a prophet’s son; but I am a herdsman, a dresser of sycamore trees, and the Lord took me from following the flock, and the Lord said to me, ‘Go, prophesy to my people Israel.’”

Judah threatened (2 kings 18-19) In the fourteenth year of King Hezekiah, King Sennacherib of Assyria came up against the fortified cities of Judah and captured them… Then Isaiah sent to Hezekiah, saying… “Therefore thus says the Lord concerning the King of Assyria: He shall not come into this city, shoot an arrow there, come before it with a shield, or cast up a siege ramp against it. By the way that he came, by the same he shall return; he shall not come into this city, says the Lord. For I will defend this city to save it, for my own sake and for the sake of my servant David.”

The prophet Isaiah and Zion theology (Isaiah 6-7) I saw the Lord sitting on a throne, high and lofty; and the hem of his robe filled the temple… Therefore, the Lord himself will give you a sign. Look, the young woman is with child and shall bear a son, and shall name him Immanuel…for before the child knows how to refuse the evil and choose the good, the land before whose two kings you are in dread will be deserted.

Vocabulary Solomon Mt. Zion/Jerusalem Hosea Zion Theology vs. Sinai Theology Ark of the covenant Ahijah the prophet Jeroboam “The Sin of Jeroboam” Bethel and Dan Northern Kingdom (Israel/Ephraim) Southern Kingdom (Judah) Hosea Amos “Oracles agains the Nations” Assyrian captivity of Northern Israel (722 B.C.E.) Hezekiah, King of Judah Isaiah Immanuel (“God is with us”)