Rocks Rock- mixture of minerals, volcanic glass, organic matter, or other material

Rock Cycle- model showing processes that create and change rock Conservation of Matter- rock cycle never destroys elements of rocks but merely redistributes them

Sedimentary rock can be changed by heat and pressure into metamorphic rock. Metamorphic rock can melt and cool to form igneous rock. Igneous rock can be broken into fragments that may later form sedimentary rock.

Types of Rocks Metamorphic Rocks Igneous Rocks Sedimentary Rocks

Igneous Rocks What are they? Form from magma found deep under Earth’s surface Magma cooling at or near Earth’s surface forms small-grained extrusive igneous rock Magma trapped below the surface forms large-grained intrusive igneous rock when it cools

Types of Igneous Rocks Granite Scoria Pumice Obsidian

Sedimentary Rocks How are they made? Mostly found on the exposed surface of Earth Rock fragments, mineral grains, and bits of plants and animal remains moved by wind, water, ice or gravity are called sediments Layers are formed and build up

Sedimentary Rocks Compaction is when small sediments stick together because of pressure. Cementation occurs when water and other minerals move through open spaces between larger sediments, gluing them together.

Sedimentary Rocks Classified by what they were made of and how they were formed: clastic-forms when rock fragments are squeezed together chemical-forms when minerals that are dissolved in a solution crystallize organic-forms where the remains of plants & animals are deposited in thick layers

Types of Sedimentary Rocks Sandstone Limestone Gypsum Conglomerate Shale

Metamorphic Rocks What are they? Changed by heat, pressure, and hot fluids Classified by composition and texture Foliated texture- mineral grains flatten and line up in parallel layers or bands Non-foliated texture- mineral grains grow and rearrange but do not form layers

Types of Metamorphic Rocks Schist Gneiss

Rocks Have Been Used For Many Years and For Many Things

Rocks