The Renaissance and Reformation(1300–1650) Unit 3 Section 1 Essential Standards: Explain how interest in classical learning and religious reform contributed to increased global interaction. Explain the political, social and economic reasons for the rise of powerful centralized nation-states and empires. I can: understand how an increase in the quest for knowledge lead to global interactions and how these intellectual and religious movements lead to reforms. How political, economic, and social discontent can lead to change.

Why Did the Renaissance Begin in Italy? Grown into prosperous centers of trade & manufacturing. Wealthy merchant class Lorenzo de Medici “the Magnificent” Generous patron, financial supporter. What Was the Renaissance? (Rebirth) Emphasized individual achievement. The Renaissance ideal was the person with talent in many fields. stressed education & individual achievement & spent lavishly on the arts. De-Medici: clever politician that held Florence together. Time of creativity & change in many areas–political, social, economic, and cultural. Changes that took place in the way people viewed themselves & their world.

Humanism WRITERS PAINTERS Intellectual movement study of classical culture & focused on worldly subjects PAINTERS WRITERS Self-help Niccolo Machiavelli The Prince “Is it better to be feared or loved?” “Machiavellian” deceit in politics. (whatever means necessary to achieve their goals.) Perspective made distant objects smaller than those close to the front. Studied human anatomy Studied the humanities, the subjects taught in ancient Greece and Rome. Realistic style The Prince: guide to rulers on how to gain power. The Book of the Courtier written by Baldassare Castiglione, describes the manners that a member of the court should have.

Three Geniuses of Renaissance Art Michelangelo Leonardo da Vinici sculptor, engineer, painter, architect, & poet Sculpted the Pieta & statue of David Painted Sistine Chapel in Rome Dissected corpses Mona Lisa and The Last Supper flying machines and undersea boats Da Vinici: Studied botany, anatomy, optics, music, architecture, and engineering Michelangelo: Designed the dome for St. Peter’s Cathedral in Rome which served as a model of the US Capital building. Raphael: Paintings blended Christian and classical styles Studied :Michelangelo & Leonardo Raphael Best known for paintings of the Madonna,

Renaissance Moves North Essential Standards: Explain how interest in classical learning and religious reform contributed to increased global interaction. Explain the political, social and economic reasons for the rise of powerful centralized nation-states and empires. I can: understand how an increase in the quest for knowledge lead to global interactions and how these intellectual and religious movements lead to reforms. How political, economic, and social discontent can lead to change.

Artists of the Northern Renaissance The Northern Renaissance began in Flanders Albrecht Durer Specialized in engravings He is called the “German Leonardo.” Peter Paul Reubens (Flemish) blended the realistic traditions w/ the classical themes Northern Humanists Albrecht Durer : were the artist etches a design on a metal plate w/acid. stressed education & classical learning. religious & moral reforms.

The Printing Revolution Two humanists: Desiderius Erasmus, Dutch priest, the bible to be translated from Latin into the vernacular, or language of ordinary people. Thomas More wrote of a utopian society (ideal society) The Printing Revolution printing revolution : In 1456, Johann Gutenberg printed the Bible using the first printing press IMPACT: books: cheaper & easier to produce. access to a broad range of knowledge and ideas. Erasmus: A person’s chief duty was to be open-minded & of good will to all. The Praise of Folly Movable type was developed twenty years later. books more readily available, more people learned to read.

Writers of the Northern Renaissance

CERVANTES: RABELAIS SHAKESPEARE: English poet who was the towering figure of Renaissance lit. Wrote 37 plays that are still performed around the world. Spanish author who wrote Don Quixote, which mocks romantic notions about medieval chivalry. French humanist who was a monk, physician, Greek scholar, and author.